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- View Policies Current Attempt in Progress Using the Animated Figure 10.40, the isothermal transformation diagram for a 0.45 wt% C steel alloy, specify the nature of the final microstructure (in terms of the microconstituents present) of a small specimen that has been subjected to the following temperature treatments. In each case assume that the specimen begins at 845 °C and that it has been held at this temperature long enough to have achieved a complete and homogeneous austenitic structure. a) Rapidly cool to 700 degrees C, hold for 100,000 s, then quench to room temperature. b) Rapidly cool to 450 degrees C, hold for 10 s, then quench to room temperature. proeutectoid ferrite + pearlite proeutectoid ferrite + martensite proeutectoid ferrite + pearlite + martensite eT proeutectoid ferrite + pearlite + bainite + martensite all spheroidite Save all bainite Attempts: 0 of 5 used Submit Answer all martensite bainite + martensitec). Interpret the following diagram? The effect of carbon and heat treatment on the properties of plain carbon steels. 160 140 Tensile 120 strength 100 Impact energy | 100 Annealed 80 80 Normalized 60 60 Annealed 40 `Yield strength 20-% Elongation Annealed 20 Normalized- 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Weight percent carbon Figure-4 Yield and tensile strength (ksi) Normalized % Elongation or impact energy (ft • Ib)Compare the difference in hardenability of plain carbon steels given below. Hardenability is the strengthening of steels by the process of quenching + tempering. Chemical compositions ( wt % ) C Mn P S Fe Steel 1 0.2 0.45 0.04 0.05 99.26 Steel 2 0.4 0.75 0.04 0.05 98.76 Steel 3 0.6 0.75 0.04 0.05 98.56
- Explain how dislocations have paradoxically rationalized why metals can be bothmechanically weak and strong. How have dislocations helped to explain work hardening of metals.Q.4. Give a reason for the following facts: 1- Ceramics fail after only about 0.1% strain under tensile test. 2- Porosity is an inherent defects in ceramics. 3- Ceramics carbides consider ideal choice for ceramic abrasives. 4- Orthoclase has the advantage over other types of feldspar.. Properties of steel can be altered by applying a variety of heat treatments. Pleaseexplain full annealing for steel.
- Another of the steel components manufactured by michael's company is steel railway track sections. Thecomponent has a length of 120m (at a temperature of -10°C) and is to be exposed to a temperaturerange of -10°C to 55°C. In order to calculate the gaps which need to be left between the sections michael'scustomer needs to determine the maximum length which each railway track section will expand to andmichael have been asked to carry out the calculation for them. michael have also been instructed to determinethe percentage change in volume and surface area when exposed to the same initial and finaltemperatures. The customer has informed him that the cross sectional profile of the railway track isrectangular and of breadth 14cm and height 32cm. Assume the coefficient of thermal expansion ofsteel is 12x10-6 /°C. Briefly discuss the changes that occur with in the steel as a result of the change intemperature.Why does the iron–carbon phase diagram go only to 6.7% carbon?Describe the basic properties of Halloysite.
- The frame of a space shuttle type vehicle must have a high yield strength and high stillness, and the most important design factor is weight. Of all the materials presented in this chapter, what material might be the most suitable for the frame of a space shuttle? Assume that there will be both tensile and compressive stresses. For a space shuttle, cost is not a limiting factor. (a) You can eliminate entire classes of materials from consideration with a brief statement about their unsuitability. (b) What material has the highest specific yield strength? Give the yield strength, specific gravity, specific yield strength, elastic modulus, and specific elastic modulus for this material. (c) What material has the highest specific elastic modulus? Give the yield strength, specific gravity, specific yield strength, elastic modulus, and specific elastic modulus for this material. (d) Compare the materials with the highest specific yield strength and highest specific elastic modulus for suitability in the space shuttle frame. (C) Discuss the suitability of the top-rated material for this design from the viewpoint of the ability to produce a frame.Question 3 For a 40 wt% Sn-60 wt% Pb alloy at 150 °C and taking the densities of Pb and Sn at 150 °C to be 11.23 and 7.24 g/cm?, respectively. Composition Cats Sn) 20 60 100 327C 600 300 Liquid 500 232'C 200 400 183°C 18.3 61.9 97.8 300 100 200 100 60 80 100 (Pb) Composition (wt% Sn) (Sn) The lead-tin phase diagram a) AN6 marks b) W c) calculate raction. CROmarks d) calculate the relative amount of each phase present in terms of mass fraction volume fraction Temperature ("C) Temperature (F)
