Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780078022159
Author: Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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- Given a vertex set W = {1, 2, 3, 4}, solve for the following questions: (i) Knowing that edges are the same if and only if they have the same endpoint, how many different edges are possible? (ii) Suppose for this question that graphs are different if they have different sets of edges (they do not depend on if the graphs are isomorphic or not). How many simple graphs are there with the vertex set W? (iii) Draw the eleven nonisomorphic simple graphs that have four vertices.arrow_forwardI need a proof as a solution for both of these questions.arrow_forwardProblem 2. Use Bellman-Ford to determine the shortest paths from vertex s to all other vertices in this graph. Afterwards, indicate to which vertices s has a well defined shortest path, and which do not by indicating the distance as -o∞. Draw the resulting shortest path tree containing the vertices with well defined shortest paths. For consistency, you should relax the edges in the following order: s → a, s → b, a → c, b → a, b → d, c → b, с — а, с —е, d — f, e — d and f — e. — а, b, а — с, b — а, b — d, с — b, → d and f -→e. a -1 3 5 -2 -5 S 4 4 10 6 b d f -10 -6arrow_forward
- Assume that the Hamiltonian cycle problem for undirected graphs is NP-complete. Show that the Hamiltonian cycle problem is NP-complete for directed graphs. Note: Just need to reduce the Hamiltonian cycle problem for an undirected graph to a directed graph: for any edge (u, v) in the undirected graph, add two directed edges u->v and v->u.arrow_forwardQuestion 8. A connected graph G has 4 vertices and 4 edges of costs 1, 2, 3 and respectively 4. (a) Show that G is not a tree. (b) Show that G has a single minimum spanning tree. (Hint: For example, think how Prim's algorithm constructs the minimum spanning tree). (c) Draw a connected graph G with 4 nodes and 4 edges of costs 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively, so that the minimum spanning tree contains the edge of cost 4. The 4 nodes are below, you need to draw the 4 edges and indicate their cost. a O b darrow_forwardLet G be a graph with n vertices. The k-coloring problem is to decide whether the vertices of G can be labeled from the set {1, 2, ..., k} such that for every edge (v,w) in the graph, the labels of v and w are different. Is the (n-4)-coloring problem in P or in NP? Give a formal proof for your answer. A 'Yes' or 'No' answer is not sufficient to get a non-zero mark on this question.arrow_forward
- please explain fullyarrow_forwardPlease show written work with answer!! An independent set in a graph is a set of vertices no two of which are adjacent to each other. A clique is a complete subgraph of a given graph. This means that there is an edge between any two nodes in the subgraph. The maximal clique is the complete subgraph of a given graph which contains the maximum number of nodes. We know that independent set is a NP complete problem. Transform the independent set to max clique (in polynomial time) to show that Max Clique is also NParrow_forwardShow that the decision problem version is an NP-complete problem; Exists, given a graph G and a goal cost c, a spanning tree in which the most any vertex pays is not more than c?arrow_forward
- The third-clique problem is about deciding whether a given graph G = (V, E) has a clique of cardinality at least |V |/3.Show that this problem is NP-complete.arrow_forwardProve the choice problem variant is NP-complete; Exists a spanning tree with a goal cost c for a graph G and a vertex's maximum payment?arrow_forwardProve that the decision problem variant is NP-complete; Given a graph G and a target cost c does thereexist a spanning tree where the maximum payment of any vertex is no more than c?arrow_forward
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