Provide a comprehensive description of the anatomy and physiology of the human musculoskeletal system, accompanied by an illustrative diagram. Subsequently, utilize the diagram to elucidate how the musculoskeletal system interacts with and supports various physiological processes, including posture, movement, and force generation. Explain the mechanisms through which muscles, tendons, and bones work together to facilitate these functions, and how disruptions in this system can lead to musculoskeletal disorders.

Electrical stimulation of skeletal muscle at 5Hz results in a single muscle twitch. Define the stages and stimulation rates required to achieve a fused tetanus.

describe in detail how the Actin, Myosin, Troponin, and Tropomyosin interact to create a contraction.

Slow-twitch muscle is the main muscle tissue used during endurance activities. Describe two features of slow-twitch muscle that make it well-adapted for endurance, and explain why each feature is important.

Researchers are working to understand a rare disease that affects the ability of the muscles to contract. They have identified that the disease is caused by abnormal gene expression leading to a relatively large intracellular space between the T-tubules and the terminal cisternae in the triad, which causes an interruption in the connection between the dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor and the ryanodine calcium channel. Based on this description of the morphology underlying the disease, which of the following problems would you expect in excitation-contraction coupling? An action potential would not be able to be transmitted down the T-tubule. Re-uptake of calcium would be blocked, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium. O The actin binding sites may continue to be blocked by tropomyosin even following an action potential along the sarcolemma. O All of the above. Only B and C.

Which of the following statements relating to the developmental aspects of muscles is false? a. All muscle tissue types arise from myoblasts b. Skeletal muscles become amitotic while smooth muscles regenerate throughout life c. Sarcopenia begins by age 30 and is irreversible d. Body strength per unit muscle mass is the same in both sexes  e. none of the above   Which of the following structures is located in the head region of the thick filament myosin? a. actin binding site b. ATP binding site c. ATPase enzyme d. all of the above e. none of the above