Price variance: Actual price Standard price Variance Actual quantity Direct materials price variance Quantity variance: Actual quantity Standard quantity Variance Standard price Direct Materials Cost Variance Direct materials quantity variance Total direct materials cost variance Rate variance: Actual rate per hour Standard rate per hour Direct Labor Cost Variance || ||
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Variance Analysis
In layman's terms, variance analysis is an analysis of a difference between planned and actual behavior. Variance analysis is mainly used by the companies to maintain a control over a business. After analyzing differences, companies find the reasons for the variance so that the necessary steps should be taken to correct that variance.
Standard Costing
The standard cost system is the expected cost per unit product manufactured and it helps in estimating the deviations and controlling them as well as fixing the selling price of the product. For example, it helps to plan the cost for the coming year on the various expenses.
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- The following product Costs are available for Haworth Company on the production of chairs: direct materials, $15,500; direct labor, $22.000; manufacturing overhead, $16.500; selling expenses, $6,900; and administrative expenses, $15,200. What are the prime costs? What are the conversion costs? What is the total product cost? What is the total period cost? If 7,750 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent material cost per unit? If 22,000 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent conversion cost per unit?The following product costs are available for Stellis Company on the production of erasers: direct materials, $22,000; direct labor, $35,000; manufacturing overhead, $17,500; selling expenses, $17,600; and administrative expenses; $13,400. What are the prime costs? What are the conversion costs? What is the total product cost? What is the total period cost? If 13,750 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent material cost per unit? If 17,500 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent conversion cost per unit?Road Gripper Tire Co. manufactures automobile tires. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 4,160 tires were as follows: Standard Costs Actual Costs Direct materials 100,000 lbs. at $6.40 101,000 lbs. at $6.50 Direct labor 2,080 hrs. at $15.75 2,000 hrs. at $15.40 Factory overhead Rates per direct labor hr., based on 100% of normal capacity of 2,000 direct labor hrs.: Variable cost, $4.00 $8,200 variable cost Fixed cost, $6.00 $12,000 fixed cost Each tire requires 0.5 hour of direct labor. Required: a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Price variance $ Quantity variance $ Total direct materials cost variance $ b. Determine the direct…
- Neelopak Berhad prepared the standard cost data for one of their products.Direct Labour (0.65 hours @ RM11) RM7.15Direct Materials (5 meters @ RM5) RM25Variable Overhead (0.65 hours @ RM7) RM4.55Fixed Overhead (0.65 hours @ RM3) RM1.95Standard cost per unit RM38.65There is the actual cost data information:Production 7,500 unitDirect materials used (23500 meter) RM124,550Direct materials purchasing (24,000 meter) RM132,000Direct labor (3000 hours) RM34,500Variable overhead RM21,600Fixed overhead RM7,800Budgeted activities are 2,600 hours.You are required to calculate:iv) Variance of direct labors’ efficiencyv) Variance of variable overhead expensesvi) Variance of variable overhead’s efficiencyvii) Variance of fixed overhead expensesviii) Variance of fixed overhead volumeNeelopak Berhad prepared the standard cost data for one of their products.Direct Labour (0.65 hours @ RM11) RM7.15Direct Materials (5 meters @ RM5) RM25Variable Overhead (0.65 hours @ RM7) RM4.55Fixed Overhead (0.65 hours @ RM3) RM1.95Standard cost per unit RM38.65There is the actual cost data information:Production 7,500 unitDirect materials used (23500 meter) RM124,550Direct materials purchasing (24,000 meter) RM132,000Direct labor (3000 hours) RM34,500Variable overhead RM21,600Fixed overhead RM7,800Budgeted activities are 2,600 hours.You are required to calculate:vii) Variance of fixed overhead expensesviii) Variance of fixed overhead volumeNeelopak Berhad prepared the standard cost data for one of their products.Direct Labour (0.65 hours @ RM11) RM7.15Direct Materials (5 meters @ RM5) RM25Variable Overhead (0.65 hours @ RM7) RM4.55Fixed Overhead (0.65 hours @ RM3) RM1.95Standard cost per unit RM38.65There is the actual cost data information:Production 7,500 unitDirect materials used (23500 meter) RM124,550Direct materials purchasing (24,000 meter) RM132,000Direct labor (3000 hours) RM34,500Variable overhead RM21,600Fixed overhead RM7,800Budgeted activities are 2,600 hours.You are required to calculate:i) Variance of direct materials priceii) Variance of direct materials usediii) Variance of direct labor charge rateiv) Variance of direct labors’ efficiencyv) Variance of variable overhead expensesvi) Variance of variable overhead’s efficiencyvii) Variance of fixed overhead expensesviii) Variance of fixed overhead volume
- Bullseye Company manufactures dartboards. Its standard cost information follows: Standard Quantity Standard Price (Rate) Standard Unit Cost Direct materials (cork board) 2.00 sq. ft. $ 2.80 per sq. ft. $ 5.60 Direct labor 1 hrs. $ 10.00 per hr. 10.00 Variable manufacturing overhead (based on direct labor hours) 1 hrs. $ 0.40 per hr. 0.40 Fixed manufacturing overhead ($69,000 ÷ 230,000 units) 0.30 Bullseye has the following actual results for the month of September: Number of units produced and sold 210,000 Number of square feet of corkboard used 440,000 Cost of corkboard used $ 1,276,000 Number of labor hours worked 219,000 Direct labor cost $ 1,992,900 Variable overhead cost $ 80,000 Fixed overhead cost $ 58,000 Required:1. Calculate the direct materials price, quantity, and total spending variances for Bullseye.2. Calculate the direct labor rate, efficiency, and total spending variances for Bullseye.3.…XYZ Company provided the following information regarding Product XY: Direct material costs OMR3 unit of product; Direct labor costs OMR5 per direct labor hour, Predetermined overhead rate OMR10 per direct per labor hour. The cost of a job for 550 units of product XY, which uses a total of 150 direct labor hours, is: Select one: O a. OMR4,050 O b. OMR3,900 O c. OMR9,900 O d. None of the answers given O e. OMR5,900Bullseye Company manufactures dartboards. Its standard cost information follows: Standard Quantity Standard Price (Rate) Standard Unit Cost Direct materials (cork board) 4.50 sq. ft. $ 2.60 per sq. ft. $ 11.70 Direct labor 1 hrs. $ 10.00 per hr. 10.00 Variable manufacturing overhead (based on direct labor hours) 1 hrs. $ 0.75 per hr. 0.75 Fixed manufacturing overhead ($22,000 ÷ 110,000 units) 0.20 Bullseye has the following actual results for the month of September: Number of units produced and sold 90,000 Number of square feet of corkboard used 420,000 Cost of corkboard used $ 1,134,000 Number of labor hours worked 100,000 Direct labor cost $ 910,000 Variable overhead cost $ 74,000 Fixed overhead cost $ 56,000 Required:1. Calculate the direct materials price, quantity, and total spending variances for Bullseye.2. Calculate the direct labor rate, efficiency, and total spending variances for Bullseye.3. Calculate…
- A Company establishes the following standards for the costs of one unit of its product. The standard production overhead costs per unit are bascd on direct-labor hours. Calculation for standard per unit cost is as follows: Std Cost Std Qty 3.00 kg | Direct Material Direct Labor Variable Overhead Fixed Overhead* |Total *based on practical capacity of 20,000 direct-labor hour per month Std Price/Rate $ 8.25 per kg $ 10.00 per hour $ 10.00 per hour $ 7.50 per hour 24.75 $ 20.00 2.00 hour $ 20.00 2.00 hour 15.00 2.00 hour 79.75 During December 2020, the Company purchased 30,000 kg of direct material at a total cost of $246,000. The total wages for December were $260,000, 75% of which were for direct labor. The Company manufactured 9,500 units of product during December 2020, using 28,400 kg of the direct material purchased in December and 18,900 direct-labor hours. Actual variable and fixed overhead cost were $200,000 and $150,000, respectively. The scheduled production for the month was…Cheng Company reports the following information. Direct labor rate. Non-materials-related overhead Materials-related overhead Target profit margin (on both conversion and direct materials) Determine its (a) time charge per hour of direct labor and (b) materials markup percentage. (a) Time charge per hour of direct labor (b) Materials markup $ 200 per DLH per DLH $30 22% of direct materials costs 30 % %CCONI XYZ Company provided the following information regarding Product XY: Direct material costs OMR3 per unit of product; Direct labor costs OMR5 per direct labor hour; Predetermined overhead rate OMR10 per direct labor hour. The cost of a job for 550 units of product XY, which uses a total of 80 direct labor hours, is: Select one: a. OMR9,900 6.OMR2850 c. OMR2,100 d.OMRS 200 e None of the answers given Company XYZ uses direct labor hours to allocate its manufacturing overhead. The company estimates that