Please order the steps of voluntary movement. 1) Primary motor cortex sends information to alpha motor neurons 2) The prefrontal and parietal cortices decide to initiate movement. 3) Alpha motor neurons initiate muscle contractions. 4) The supplementary motor area (SMA) uses input from the thalamus and basal ganglia to plan a movement.

The naming method for obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior, pronator quadratus, and pronator teres is based on: ( select all that are correct)

a 20 yrs old man with a neck flexion- extension (whiplash) injury is treated at your outpatient setting two weeks after a motor vehicle accident. what questions would the PT ask concerning his pain? list at least three.

What is the brain area just anterior to the precentral gyrus that selects and sequences basic motor movements into more complex tasks?

Do you think the patellar reflex would be inhibited or enhanced by actively contracting the quadriceps muscle group?  With an understanding of how muscle spindle fibers work, explain how active contraction of a muscle might affect the myotactic reflex.  [hint: try to elicit a knee jerk reflex when someone is doing a leg lift]

Briefly explain the function of the supraspinal descending inhibitory motor pathways.

1) For each of the following reflexes, detail what the sensor is, the integrator, and the effector. Also note the neuronsinvolved in the reflex (like alpha motor neuron).a. Myotatic (stretch reflex)b. Autogenic Inhibition (Golgi tendon organ reflex)c. Flexor Reflex

How would the electrical pattern on the EMG change if the somatic motor neurons supplying the forearms were unable to send signals properly? How would this affect the muscles?

GIVE 3 EXERCISES THAT CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENT WITH LATERAL ROTATION AND MEDIAL ROTATION MOVEMENT AND WHY?

A physically active 13-year-old boy is complaining of pain at the posterior heel below the attachment of the achilles tendon. What are the possible reasons for his pain and what is the most likely cause? Explain your reasoning. What is the anatomical significance of the location of his pain? Does his age make a difference in how he should be managed? Are there any risks in ignoring the problem? Are there other locations in the body in which similar conditions occur?