Oxygenic photosynthesis in eukaryotes (in the chloroplasts of green algae and green plants) consumes which of the following substrate molecules (to generate glucose, water, and oxygen product molecules)? A. C12H22O11 + H2O B. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C. 6CO2 + 12H2O D. C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 E. 6CO2 + 12H2S

In chloroplasts, protons are pumped out of thestroma across the thylakoid membrane, whereas in mito-chondria, they are pumped out of the matrix across thecrista membrane. Explain how this arrangement allowschloroplasts to generate a larger proton gradient acrossthe thylakoid membrane than mitochondria can generateacross the inner membrane.

The figure below shows an illustration of a mitochondrian. Mustration of a mitochondrion Which of the following best describes the relationship between the structure and function of the mitochondrion? A B с D The shape of the mitochondrion Increases its material-exchange efficiency by maximiz ing its overall volume relative to its surface area. The double-membrane structure of the mitochondrion allows it to maintain its relatively acidic environment in which nutrients can be digested. The folds of the mitochondrion Inner membrane increase its material-exchange effi- ciency by maximizing its surface area relative to its volume. The specific structure of the mitochondrion Inner membrane allows it to correctly guide the folding of proteins into their functional shape.

Follow the two carbon atoms that enter the citric acid cycle (C₂). Are the two CO₂ molecules given off in one turn of the citric acid cycle composed of the same 2 carbon atoms that entered the cycle? NADH + H+ NAD+ H HỌ—C—COO- H₂C-COO- °↑ 7 FADH₂ 0 C-C00 H₂C-COO- Oxaloacetate Malate HC-COO- -OOC-CH Fumarate FAD Succinate H₂C-COO H₂C-COO CH,CO—S-CoA Acetyl coenzyme A GTP COA GDP COA H₂C-COO- HỌ–C–COO- H₂C-COO- Citrate H₂C-COO- Isocitrate HC-COO- HO–C–COO H e T CO₂ Succinyl COA H₂C-COO- CO₂ a-Ketoglutarate CoA H₂C-CO-S-CoA H₂C-COO H₂C 0-C-COO- NAD+ NADH + H+ NAD+ NADH + H+

333

In phase II of ETS diagram and label the ATP synthase along with the inner mitochondrial membrane it is sitting in. Your diagram must show the intermembrane space and the mitochondrial matrix. Describe how it works step by step

. Heterotrophic eukaryotes generate exactly how many of the following product molecules, in the consumption of one molecule of glucose, during aerobic respiration? twelve C6H12O6 molecules, six H2O molecules, and three CO2 molecules are produced twelve H2O molecules and six CO2 molecules are produced six C6H12O6 molecules, three H2O molecules, and six CO2 molecules are produced six H2O molecules and twelve CO2 molecules are produced one C6H12O6 molecule, one H2O molecule, and two CO2 molecules are produced

To learn more about the role of the electron transport chain in generating energy during respiration in this organism, you use two drugs.  These drugs can each pick up electrons from specific intermediates in the pathway as shown above. You treat cells carrying out respiration with either a saturating dose of drug A or B, so that all the electrons which would normally continue along the pathway are captured by the drug in question. Complete the following table. In the presence of drug A, will the cells continue to consume O2? (yes or no), will the cells continue to produce CO2? (yes or no) In the presence of drug B, will the cells continue to consume O2? (yes or no), will the cells continue to produce CO2? (yes or no)

in 2005, a new species of green sulfur bacteria wasdiscovered near a geothermal vent at the bottom of the ocean. An exceptionally efficient light-harvesting mechanism allows these bacteria to carry out photosynthesis where the only illumination is a dim volcanic glow emanating from the vent. Cell membranes are required for electron transfer chains in the light-dependent reactions, but these bacteria have no internal membranes. How do you think they carry out the light-dependent reactions?

During aerobic respiration in the mitochondria of eukaryotes, which product molecules contain the oxygen atoms that started out in substrate diatomic oxygen gas molecules? cell biology  carbon dioxide only C6H12O6 only glucose only CO2 only H2O only