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- How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm’s cost of debt, rd( 1 − T); itscost of equity, rs; and its WACC? Indicate with a plus (+), a minus (−), or a zero (0)whether the factor would raise, lower, or have an indeterminate effect on the item inquestion. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant, even though insome instances this would probably not be true. Bo prepared to justify your answerbut recognize that several of the parts have no single correct answer. These questionsare designed to stimulate thought and discussion.According to Modigliani & Miller M Proposition II (MM Il), as a firm's debt-equity ratio decreases, what happens to the required rate of return on equity? Briefly explain including the key aspect of MM II.How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm’s cost of debt, kd(1 – T); its cost of equity ke and its WACC? Indicate with a plus sign (+), a minus (-) or a zero if the factor would raise, would lower or would have indeterminate effect on the item in question. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant even though in some instances this would probably not be true. Be prepared to justify your answer but recognize that several of the parts have no single correct answer.
- Explain the effect of D/E on asset returns, equity returns (assuming that cost of debt is not affected), asset beta and equity beta (assuming that debt beta is zero). Should an investor choose to invest in a stock of a company with high or low D/E, or why expected returns on these stocks are equivalent, although they are not equal?Which of the following statements is correct?(a) The quickest way to determine whether the firmhas too much debt is to calculate the Timesinterest-earned ratio.(b) The best rule of thumb for determining the firm’sliquidity is to calculate the current ratio.(c) From an investor’s point of view, the price-toearnings ratio is a good indicator of whether ornot a firm is generating an acceptable return tothe investor.(d) The operating margin is determined by subtracting all operating and non-operating expensesfrom the gross margin.Assume that the risk-free rate increases, but the market risk premium remains constant. What impact would this have on the cost of debt? What impact would it have on the cost of equity? How should the capital structure weights are used to calculate the WACC be determined?
- Is the debt level that maximizes a firm's expected EPS the same as the one that maximizes its stock price? Explain. Explain how a firm might shift its capital structure so as to change its weighted average cost of capital (WACC). What would be the impact on the value of the firm?Which of the below statements does the MM Proposition I predict? A. In a perfect market, the value of a firm is independent of its capital structure B.In a perfect market, the discount rate depends on the capital structure C.In a perfect market, the value of a firm decreases in leverage D.In a perfect market, the NPY of investments depends on the existing debt/equity mixWhich of the following does NOT directly affect a company's cost of equity? Select one: a. Return on assets b. Expected market return c. Risk-free rate of return d. The company's beta
- Which of the following statements are CORRECT? Check all that apply: The aftertax cost of debt decreases when the market price of a bond increases. A decrease in a firm's WACC will increase the attractiveness of the firm's investment options. Cost of capital is also known as the minimum expected or required return an investment must offer to be attractive."If the firm's ROE is too low, the firm's debt ratio must be too low." True or false? Select one: O a. True O b. FalseSelect all that are true with respect to the cost of debt. Group of answer choices it is the return the firm needs to earn overall to satisfy all investors It is the rate the debt holders demand given the risk they face as debt holders Can be estimated using CAPM Cannot be estimated using CAPM because CAPM is used for estimating the cost of equity Is always equal to the YTM on a company's existing bonds Is lower than the YTM on a company's existing debt if there is default risk Can be proxied by the YTM on a company's existing debt if the debt is risk free Flag question: Question 7