Database System Concepts
Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780078022159
Author: Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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**Educational Content: Understanding the Product Class and Calculating Total Cost**

On the left is the code for a class named `Product`. On the right, we've provided a code snippet that involves using the `Product` class to calculate a total cost. Below is a detailed explanation:

### Code for the `Product` Class

```java
public class Product {
    private String name;
    private double cost;

    public Product(String n, double c) {
        name = n;
        cost = c;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public double getCost() {
        return cost;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return (name + " $" + cost);
    }
}
```

**Explanation:**

- **Attributes:**
  - `name`: A private string to store the product's name.
  - `cost`: A private double to store the product's cost.

- **Constructor:**
  - `Product(String n, double c)`: Initializes `name` with `n` and `cost` with `c`.

- **Methods:**
  - `getName()`: Returns the product's name.
  - `getCost()`: Returns the product's cost.
  - `toString()`: Provides a string representation combining the name and cost.

### Code to Calculate the Total Cost

```java
ArrayList<Product> cart = new ArrayList<Product>();
double total = 0;

cart.add(new Product("Shampoo", 13.89));
cart.add(new Product("Bread", 4.99));
cart.add(new Product("Cereal", 7.49));

for (Product p : cart) {
    total = total + p.getCost();
}

System.out.printf("$%.2f", total);
```

**Walkthrough:**

- **ArrayList Initialization:**
  - `ArrayList<Product> cart = new ArrayList<Product>();`: Creates a list to store products.

- **Adding Products:**
  - Adds `Shampoo`, `Bread`, and `Cereal` with their respective costs to the cart.

- **Loop for Calculating Total:**
  - `for (Product p : cart) { total = total + p.getCost(); }`: Iterates over each product in the cart, adding its cost to `total`.

- **Output:**
  - `System.out.printf("$%.2f", total);`: Prints the total cost formatted
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Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Content: Understanding the Product Class and Calculating Total Cost** On the left is the code for a class named `Product`. On the right, we've provided a code snippet that involves using the `Product` class to calculate a total cost. Below is a detailed explanation: ### Code for the `Product` Class ```java public class Product { private String name; private double cost; public Product(String n, double c) { name = n; cost = c; } public String getName() { return name; } public double getCost() { return cost; } public String toString() { return (name + " $" + cost); } } ``` **Explanation:** - **Attributes:** - `name`: A private string to store the product's name. - `cost`: A private double to store the product's cost. - **Constructor:** - `Product(String n, double c)`: Initializes `name` with `n` and `cost` with `c`. - **Methods:** - `getName()`: Returns the product's name. - `getCost()`: Returns the product's cost. - `toString()`: Provides a string representation combining the name and cost. ### Code to Calculate the Total Cost ```java ArrayList<Product> cart = new ArrayList<Product>(); double total = 0; cart.add(new Product("Shampoo", 13.89)); cart.add(new Product("Bread", 4.99)); cart.add(new Product("Cereal", 7.49)); for (Product p : cart) { total = total + p.getCost(); } System.out.printf("$%.2f", total); ``` **Walkthrough:** - **ArrayList Initialization:** - `ArrayList<Product> cart = new ArrayList<Product>();`: Creates a list to store products. - **Adding Products:** - Adds `Shampoo`, `Bread`, and `Cereal` with their respective costs to the cart. - **Loop for Calculating Total:** - `for (Product p : cart) { total = total + p.getCost(); }`: Iterates over each product in the cart, adding its cost to `total`. - **Output:** - `System.out.printf("$%.2f", total);`: Prints the total cost formatted
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