Non-conjugated β,γ-unsaturated ketones, such as 3-cyclohexenone, as in acid-catalysed equilibrium with their α,β-unsaturated isomers. The mechanism has several intermediates. Draw the structure of the second reaction intermediate in the conversion of 3-cyclohexenone to 2-cyclohexenone. This intermediate is a neutral compound

Bicyclic ketone A rapidly equilibrates with a stereoisomer upon treatment with strong base, but ketone B does not. Explain why in a post with others in your group. Comment on the posts of at least two other students - have they correctly explained the difference in behavior between ketones A and B?

Draw the structure of the major product for the following two reactions. (PhH = toluene) H H + + X ОН ОН Ph3P=CHCH3 pTsOH (cat) PhH

ol The conjugate addition of an alkyl group to an a,ß-unsaturated ketone is one of the more useful 1,4-addition reactions, just as direct addition of a Grignard reagent is one of the more useful 1,2-addition reactions. Conjugate addition occurs via the use of a lithium dialkylcopper reagent, also called a Gilman reagent. The mechanism is thought to involve the addition of the dialkylcopper anion to the B- carbon to give a copper-containing intermediate. Transfer of an alkyl group to carbon and release of a neutral alkylcopper species completes the reaction. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions سلم NOC XT Ph :0: CH₂ 1. (CH3CH₂)2CuLi 2. H₂O* CH₂CH3 Cu CH₂CH3 Ph Cu CH3 CH₂CH3 CH₂CH3 8a

Draw the major organic product of the reaction conditions. Show stereochemistry in your structure. Include bonds to hydrogen at chiral carbons. OsO4 H₂O (CH3)3COOH

Draw the reagents necessary to accomplish the following transformation. Only one reaction is required.

When compound A (C5H12O) is treated with HBr, it forms compound B (C5H11Br). The 1H NMR spectrum of compound A has a 1H singlet, a 3H doublet, a 6H doublet, and two 1H multiplets. The 1H NMR spectrum of compound B has a 6H singlet, a 3H triplet, and a 2H quartet. Identify compounds A and B.

When 1,2-cyclohexanediol is dehydrated in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, the major product is not an alkene. Instead, you get cyclohexanone. Write a reasonable and detailed mechanism for the dehydration of 1,2-cyclohexanediol to form cyclohexanone. Use curved arrows to show the flow of electrons and draw the structures of all intermediates and byproducts formed in the course of this reaction as well as any alternative resonance structures that will help you to account for the formation of the major product observed in this reaction.

Five-membered aromatic heterocycles with one heteroatom undergo electrophilic substitutions preferentially at the α-position (C-2 and C-5) rather than at the β-position (C-3 and C-4). Explain?

Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives involved in a variety of important phenomena, including fever, inflammation, and pain. The first step in prostaglandin synthesis involves the conversion of the 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid to PGG2 by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase, or cyclooxy: Ibuprofen is one of several inhibitors of cyclooxogenase used therapeutically. Arachidonic acid 20₂ 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.5 3.5 cyclooxrygenase PGG₂ JOH محمد The following kinetic data were obtained for the enzyme cyclooxygenase in the absence of any inhibitor (1), and in the presence of ibuprofen (2) at a concentration of 48 [arachidonic acid] (uM) (1) v(uM/min) (2) v(uM/min) 23.5 32.2 36.9 41.8 44.0 16.67 25.25 30.49 37.04 38.91 Ibuprofen A. Plot the data in standard Michaelis-Menten form as well as in double-reciprocal form. B. Determine Vmax and Km for the enzyme. C. Based on this limited data set, what type of inhibition does ibuprofen likely exhibit?…