Multiple origins of replication on the DNA molecule of eukaryotic cells serve to Question 41 options: remove any errors in replication that may have occurred create multiple copies of the DNA molecule at the same time shorten the duration of time necessary for DNA replication reduce the number of "replication bubbles" that occur in the DNA double helix during replication assure the correct orientation of the two strands in the newly growing double helix

Multiple origins of replication on the DNA molecule of eukaryotic cells serve to Question 41 options: remove any errors in replication that may have occurred create multiple copies of the DNA molecule at the same time shorten the duration of time necessary for DNA replication reduce the number of "replication bubbles" that occur in the DNA double helix during replication assure the correct orientation of the two strands in the newly growing double helix

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter11: Genome Alterations: Mutation And Epigenetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18QP: Replication involves a period of time during which DNA is particularly susceptible to the...

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How does DNA replication occur in a precise manner to ensure that identical genetic information is put into the new chromatid? See Figures 8.12 and 8.13. FIGURE 8.12 In DNA replication, the two polynucleotide strands uncoil, and each is a template for synthesizing a new strand. A replicated DNA molecule contains one new strand and one old strand. This mechanism is called semiconservative replication. FIGURE 8.13 A close-up look at the process of DNA replication. (a) As the strands uncoil, bases are added to the newly synthesized strand by complementary base pairing with bases in the template strand. The new bases are linked together by DNA polymerase. (b) DNA synthesis can proceed only in the 5 3 direction; newly synthesized DNA on one template strand is made in short segments and linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase.
Match each protein involved in DNA replication with its correct function in E. coli. An answer can be used more than once. Group of answer choices The major DNA replicating enzyme on both leading and lagging strands Relieves torsional stress upstream of replication forks Unwinds the double helix at replication forks Provides DNA polymerase III with a 3'-OH group paired with a DNA template Extends lagging strands at the ends of linear chromosomes Digests RNA…
The figure below depicts various elements of the eukaryotic replication machinery in action. Enter the name for the protein depicted by each box. Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Box F DNA polymerase on lagging strand (just finishing an Okazaki fragment) F Maintains polymerase association with DNA Enzyme extends separation of DNA strands Synthesizes RNA fragments that hybridize to DNA Relaxes supercoiled DNA ahead of replication fork Maintains DNA is single stranded state Promotes binding of processivity factors to DNA Newly synthesized strand pocoar Leading-strand template A New Okazaki fragment RNA primer E Lagging-strand template DNA polymerase on leading strand B C D Saaragon - Next Okazaki fragment will start here Parental DNA helix
Define DNA replication/synthesis and semiconservative replication. In addition, describe and/or define the role(s) of each of the following in the process of DNA replication/synthesis: DNA template strand, 5’ and 3’ ends, DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, single-strand binding proteins, topoisomerase, primase, Okazaki fragments, leading strand and lagging strand.
Match the enzymes involved in DNA replication with their function. Primase [ Choose ] [ Choose] Synthesizes short RNA segment to initiate new DNA strand Helicase Main enzyme that extends RNA primer by adding DNA nucleotides to it Stabilizes single-stranded DNA Relieves over-winding of DNA ahead of the replication fork Removes RNA primers preceding Okazaki fragment and replaces RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides Single-stranded binding proteins Unwinds DNA helix Synthesizes the ends of the linear chromosome Seals nicks between adjacent DNA segments DNA polymerase III [ Choose ] DNA polymerasel [ Choose ] DNA Ligase [ Choose ] Topoisomerase [ Choose ]
Initiation of replication occurs at an "origin of replication" site that typically includes an AT-rich region. Initiation benefits from these AT-rich regions because: the AT-rich region recruits topoisomerase to begin the process of DNA replication. GC-rich regions are impossible to replicate because of their strong H-bonds. the AT-rich region recruits DNA polymerase to begin the process of DNA replication. adenine-thymine pairs are held together by two H-bonds, making them easier to separate during unwinding. None of the answers is correct.
What factors promote the fidelity of replication during synthesis of the leading strand of DNA? prevention of mismatched nucleotides at the replication fork by topoisomerase Watson-Crick base pairing between the template and leading strand breaks that occur in the leading strand are repaired by DNA ligase removal of the RNA primers between Okazaki fragments by DNA polymerase I removal of wrongly inserted nucleotides by the 3'-exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase III
Explain the function of an origin of replication in the replication of DNA, and know how the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in terms of the number of origins of replication on each chromosome. Explain why replication is different on the two strand at a replication fork, including: how these differences are related to the fact that DNA strands are synthesized in a 5’ to 3’ direction. what is meant by the terms bidirectional replication, and replication bubble. the role of the leading strand, lagging strand, Okazaki fragments, continuous and discontinuous replication
Assume a deletion occurs in a gene that encodes DNA polymerase I and no functional DNA polymerase I is produced. What will be the most likely consequence of this mutation? The DNA would not exist in a supercoiled state. There would be no RNA primers laid down. The DNA will not be able to unwind to initiate replication. The DNA strands would contain pieces of RNA. There would be no DNA replication on the leading or lagging strands.
During DNA replication, the function of RNA primers is to Group of answer choices serve as a binding site for DNA ligase separate the two strands of the double helix to open replication "bubbles" serve as starting points for DNA strand elongation by DNA polymerase in the 3' - 5' direction prevent new-separated strands of DNA from rejoining serve as starting points for DNA strand elongation in the 5' - 3' direction by DNA polymerase
What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication? There are different DNA polymerases involved in elongation of the leading strand and the lagging strand. The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' → 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in the 5' → 3' direction. The leading strand requires an RNA primer, whereas the lagging strand does not. The leading strand is synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction in a discontinuous fashion, while the lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction in a continuous fashion.
Place the following steps of DNA replication in order (from left to right) from the beginning to the end of the process. Reset Help priming of DNA synthesis with RNA primer removal of primers by DNA polymerase I exonuclease elongation of RNA primers by DNA polymerase III opening and stabilizing the DNA strands joining of Okazaki fragments by DNA ligase Beginning of replication End of replication

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	remove any errors in replication that may have occurred
	create multiple copies of the DNA molecule at the same time
	shorten the duration of time necessary for DNA replication
	reduce the number of "replication bubbles" that occur in the DNA double helix during replication
	assure the correct orientation of the two strands in the newly growing double helix