Modigliani and Miller Proposition II states that: the optimal capital structure occurs when the marginal cost of distress equals the marginal benefit of interest tax shields the cost of cost of levered equity is equal to the cost of unlevered equity, in the absence of taxes, since the value of the levered firm equals the value of the unlevered firm. the capital structure if the firm is irrelevant, regardless of the corporate tax rate. the cost of levered equity is equal to the cost of unlevered equity plus a premium that is proportional to the (market value) debt-to-equity ratio

Modigliani and Miller Proposition II states that: the optimal capital structure occurs when the marginal cost of distress equals the marginal benefit of interest tax shields the cost of cost of levered equity is equal to the cost of unlevered equity, in the absence of taxes, since the value of the levered firm equals the value of the unlevered firm. the capital structure if the firm is irrelevant, regardless of the corporate tax rate. the cost of levered equity is equal to the cost of unlevered equity plus a premium that is proportional to the (market value) debt-to-equity ratio

Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis and Valuation

8th Edition

ISBN:9781285190907

Author:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark Bradshaw

Publisher:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark Bradshaw

Chapter11: Risk-adjusted Expected Rates Of Return And The Dividends Valuation Approach

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6QE

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What does the MM theory with no taxes state about the valueof a levered firm versus the value of an otherwise identical butunlevered firm? What does this imply about the optimal capitalstructure?
In the case of a perfect capital market, according to Modigliani and Miller Proposition I and II, what is the optimal capitalstructure? When you introduce taxes, how can leverage alter the incentives of managers?
Which of the followings proposes that there is a tradeoff between level of borrowing and benefit of tax shields up a point after which financial distress costs start kicking in? CAPM Static capital structure theory M&M Proposition I M&M Proposition II Pecking order theory Floation cost includes Gross spread Direct expenses Indirect expenses Abnormal returns All of above Which one of the followings states that the value of a firm is unrelated to the firm's capital structure? Capital Asset Pricing Model M&M Proposition I M&M Proposition II Law of One Price Efficient Markets Hypothesis
According to the capital structure trade-off model: O a. The optimal capital structure minimizes the company's weighted average cost of capital. O b. There is no optimal capital structure, but instead there is a hierarchy of sources of capital. O c. There is no optimal capital structure, and companies should aim to maximize debt financing, since they thereby minimize their tax payments. O d. The optimal capital structure minimizes the company's market value. O e. The optimal capital structure minimizes the company's cost of equity.
If the present value of a firm’s marginal financial distress costs are less than the present value of its marginal tax shield, the company Select one: a. has too much debt in its capital structure b. should increase the amount of debt in its capital structure c. has an optimal capital structure d. should increase the amount of equity in its capital structure e. none of the above
The optimal capital structure: a. Maximizes the value of equity but not the tax shield associated with debtb. Minimizes the tax shield associated with debtc. Maximizes the value of the company but not necessarily the tax shield associated with debtd. Maximizes the value of the company and the tax shield associated with debt
Which of the following is most correct about the cost of capital? The cost of debt reflects the interest rates on debt capital before taking into account the tax effects. Cost of capital is affected by the required rates of return of each of the source of capital, regardless of the capital structure. The capital asset pricing model is the most widely used model to estimate the cost of common equity. To minimize the cost of capital, firms should borrow more than their capacity because increasing the lower cost of debt yields the lowest cost of capital, thus, enhances shareholder value.
Which of the following contentions concerning the static trade off theory of capital structure are true? (i) The optimal capital structure depends upon both the value of the tax shield and on the costs of financial distress. (ii) Costs of financial distress decrease as the amount of debt in the capital structure increases. (iii) The value of the tax shield increases as the amount of debt in the capital structure decreases. (iv) The cost of financial distress does not depend upon the nature of the firm's assets. O Only (i) and (iv) are true. O Only (iv) is true. O Only (i) is true. None are true. O Only (ii) and (iii) are true.
When one uses the after-tax weighted average cost of capital (WACC) to value a levered firm, the interest tax shield is: Multiple Choice A) capitalized by the levered cost of equity. B) not accounted for by the use of the WACC. C) automatically considered because the after-tax cost of debt is included within the WACC formula. D) considered by deducting the interest payment from the cash flows.
If the present value of a firm's marginal financial distress costs are equal to the present value of its marginal tax shieid, the companySelect one:a.has too much debt in its capital structureb.should increase the amount of debt in ts capital structurec. has an optimal capital structured.shouid reduce the amount of equity in its capital structuree:none of the abovt
Regarding the trade-off theory, a firm would reach its optimal capital structure if the tax savings from additional leverage are offset by the increased costs of distress. the present value of the tax shield exceeds the value of the all-equity-financed firm. additional borrowing results in lower financial distress costs. additional borrowing is offset by the interest tax shield.
Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. WACC calculations should be based on the before-tax costs of all the individual capital components. b. Flotation costs associated with issuing new common stock normally reduce the WACC. c. An increase in the risk-free rate will normally lower the marginal costs of both debt and equity financing. d. A change in a company's target capital structure cannot affect its WACC. e. If a company's tax rate increases, then, all else equal, its weighted average cost of capital will decline.