Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Match the following
1) ____Point mutation, 2)____Nonsense mutation, and 3) ____Silent mutation
A. Mutations that result in an inappropriate stop codon and a polypeptide of improper length.
B. These mutations alter the DNA sequence of
C. This type of alteration of
D. This type of polypeptide mutation results in one amino acid being altered but the length of the chain being the same.
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- If the coding region of a gene (the exons) contains 2,100 base pairs of DNA, would a missense mutation cause a protein to be shorter, longer, or the same length as the normal 700 amino acid proteins? What would be the effect of a nonsense mutation? A sense mutation?arrow_forwardIf the genetic code used 4 bases at a time, how many amino acids could be encoded?arrow_forwardAlthough it is well known that X-rays cause mutations, they are routinely used to diagnose medical problems, including potential tumors, broken bones, and dental cavities. Why is this done? What precautions need to be taken?arrow_forward
- Two types of mutations discussed in this chapter are (1) nucleotide changes and (2) unstable genome regions that undergo dynamic changes. Describe each type of mutation.arrow_forwardIf an extra nucleotide is inserted in the first exon of the beta globin gene, what effect will it have on the amino acid sequence of the globin polypeptides? Will the globin most likely be fully functional, partly functional, or nonfunctional? Why?arrow_forwardIn the gene-coding sequence shown here, which of the following events will produce a frameshift after the last mutational site? a. insertion of an A after the first codon b. deletion of the second codon (AAA) c. insertion of TA after the second codon and deletion of CG in the fourth codon d. deletion of AC in the third codonarrow_forward
- Define and compare the following types of nucleotide substitutions. Which is likely to cause the most dramatic mutant effect? a. missense mutation b. nonsense mutation c. sense mutationarrow_forwardWhat percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?arrow_forwardGive examples of the different classes of mutations that affect the base sequence of DNA in protein encoding genes and explain the effects that each has on the polypeptide produced.arrow_forward
- A frameshift mutation is caused by a: a. nucleotide substitution b. three-base insertion c. premature stop codon d. one-base insertion e. two-base deletionarrow_forwardWhat is the start codon? What are the stop codons? Do any of them code for amino acids?arrow_forward_______ are removed from new mRNAs. a. Introns c. Poly-A tails b. Exons d. Amino acidsarrow_forward
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