List and describe what is happening in each of the 5 steps of a spinal reflex arc. Assume that the reflex arc is polysynaptic.

Q: List the names and functions of the three neurons involved in a reflex arc (eg. a spinal refelx) and…

A: In a reflex, the path taken by the nerve impulse is known as a reflex arc. The events followed in a…

Q: In a withdrawal reflex with reciprocal innervation:     inhibitory interneurons decussate from the…

A: Withdrawal reflex is a protective reflex. It is present during birth and thus persists throughout…

Q: List the names and functions of the three neurons involved in a reflex arc (e.g. a spinal reflex)…

A: Spinal cord is important for the reflex reactions because it is placed below the brain level and is…

Q: Describe the difference between a cranial and spinal reflex.

A: A reflex, or reflex action, is an unwilling and almost immediate action in reaction to a stimulus ,…

Q: Questions 1. If Sarah had skin vesicles on the anterolateral region of her neck, which peripheral…

A: The peripheral nervous system refers to a nervous system that lies outside the brain and the spinal…

Q: Compare and contrast the neural paths for a somatic reflex versus a visceral reflex.

A: Reflex arc- a neural pathway that controls a reflex. Visceral reflex-Most sensory neurons do not…

Q: Complete the components in a polysynaptic reflex arc in the order that they are activated. Then…

A: 1. Stimulus: Initial sensory input that triggers the reflex arc.2. Sensory neuron: Transmits the…

Q: Draw a cross-section of the spinal cord showing the gray and whitematter, dorsal and ventral roots,…

A: The spinal cord is a long, delicate tube-like structure that runs from the end of the brain stem to…

Q: Compare the function of type A nerve fibers with that oftypes B and C nerve fibers.

A: An axon or nerve fiber is a long, thin extension in organisms of a nerve cell or neuron that usually…

Q: Tara was rushed to the hospital after an injury on the uneven bars during gymnastics practice.…

A: Spinal cord injury is caused due to damage to any part of the spinal cord or nerves at the end of…

Q: please explain clear and short answer of the function of the  Neuralgia of CNS  and Neuralgia of PNS…

A: The cells of nervous system other than neurons which are incapable of generating and transmitting…

Q: "My Leg is on Fire": A Case Study on Spinal and Peripheral Nerve Anatomy Sarah Mitchell is a…

A: Shingles is a viral infection that results from the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that…

Q: You are observing in a Physical Therapy clinic and a patient presents with back pain. The images…

A: A ‘reflex arc' is the path that nerve impulses follow to trigger a reaction. Because this process…

Q: Distinguish between sensory and motor pathways in terms of direction and type of information…

A: In motor pathways the direction of information flowed from the cortex to the spinal cord and motor…

Q: 1.The man sat motionless for a long time in an awkward position on a hard surface. After he got up,…

A: The nervous system's primary function is to detect and analyze environmental (endogenous and…

Q: A friend who works in a research lab is conducting an experiment to study motor movement. First the…

A: The animal undergoes T5 spinal transection which is the injury that affects legs and trunk. GABA…

Q: List the names nd functions of the three neurons involved in a reflex arc (eg. a spinal reflex) and…

A: A reflex action can be defined as an involuntary response to a stimulus. It minimizes the damage to…

Q: Two neurotransmitter the mediate nociceptive information in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord are:…

A: Introduction  ACh is the main excitatory transmitter of the ganglionic synapse.  GABA is an…

Q: What are the two basic ways in which alpha motor neurons are controlled at the level of the spinal…

A: Alpha motor neurons are huge, multi-polar motor neurons present in the brainstem and the spinal…

Q: Compare the location of the ganglia and the junction ofPNS and SNS peripheral nerve fibers with…

A: The central nervous system is the epicenter for the maintenance, coordination, and regulation of all…

Q: Identify and explain the distribution of gray matter and whitematter in the spinal cord

A: The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue, which extends from the…

Q: Can you explain the physiologic basis of these results following the stimulation of the central…

A: The vagus nerve, historically cited as the pneumogastric nerve, is the tenth cranial nerve or CN X,…

Q: describe the structure and function of spinal cord as part of central nervous system .

A: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord (CNS).  In humans, the spinal…

Q: Reflexes can be somatic (as in the knee jerk response) or visceral (as in vomiting). Given that both…

A: Reflexes are neuronal circuits that regulate the internal and external environments of the body and…

Q: D EF sympathetic- chain ganglion ABC

A: Introduction: A total of 31 pairs of spinal nerves are innervated from the spinal cord. Every single…

Q: Match functions with parts of the central nervous system (CNS) This structure regulates voluntary…

A: The central nervous system is the main centre of the body responsible for regulating most of the…

Q: Compare the number of motor neurons in a somatic and autonomic reflex arc.

A: The neural pathway that controls a reflex is known as a reflex arc. This pathway enables quicker…

Q: We know that a reflex arc is a circuit, but what are the nerve connections arc called?

A: Answer: Introduction: A reflex arc is a neural and sensory pathway that maintains a reflex.  Reflex…

Q: List the parts of a reflex arc.

A: REFLEX ARC : it is a neural pathway that controls a reflex . This is a spontaneous action which…

Q: Name one reflex of the body and briefly discuss it and give one example.

A: The complete process of response to the peripheral nervous stimulation that happens involuntarily…

Q: Parasympathetic pregar neurons:

A: Postganglionic fibres are fibres in the autonomic nervous system that run from the ganglion to the…

Q: Xena eventually catches Callisto (remember, she is 25 years old). Salmoneus, who is 60 years old,…

A: The bone is a connective tissue made from calcium. It is highly effective in providing a proper…

Q: somatic reflex versus a visceral reflex.

A: Introduction:-  Visceral reflexes,  non-skeletal muscular response in internal organs as the heart,…

Q: Name the neuralgia in PNS and mention to their functions.

A: The nervous system is the network of neurons and nerve fibers that functions to transmit nerve…

Muscle Action

A change in the body or a bodily organ as a result of its functioning is referred to as an action. Muscle action can be defined as the specific movement of a bodily part generated by the contraction of a muscle. The muscle proteins actin and myosin are the important contractile proteins involved in muscle action. Muscle contraction, in addition to movement, serves several other important functions in the body, including posture, heat generation, and joint stability. Muscle contraction maintains posture, which includes standing and sitting.