Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Is the disorderness of the process affecting the entropy or the entropy affecting disorderness? And do our body temperature affecting the heat dissipation?
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- What does chemical equilibrium mean? How does it relate to free energy?arrow_forwardWhich has the most energy, the oxidized form of a substance or its reduced form? What is responsible for the difference?arrow_forwardYou are designing an experiment to determine if you can make desert kangaroo rats active at noon. At noon the ground and air are warmer than the internal temperature of the rats. You decide to provide the kangaroo rats with enough water to ensure they can maintain body temperature homeostasis. Based on a simplified model, you determine that at noon, kangaroo rats: - Gain 8 watts of heat from radiation and 1 watt of heat from metabolism - Lose 1 watt of heat by re-radiation - Gain 6 watts of heat from the surrounding desert ground and air via conduction and convection The kangaroo rat is not in energy balance. Since kangaroo rats lose 1 watt through latent heat (i.e. evaporative cooling) with each 2 ml of water consumed, how much water would you need to provide the kangaroo rat so that it can reach homeostasis? 4 8. 12 24 28 O 32arrow_forward
- How does the rate of achieving steady state and the ultimate steady state intracellular glucose differ from external fluid glucose, and why does it differ in this way in terms of model dynamics?arrow_forwardWhat is the relationships between Kcat and that of stability. How is Kcat related to activation energy?arrow_forwardUnder which of the following conditions could a biochemical reaction inside a cell have a positive enthalpy change and still occur spontaneously? (Recall that AG = AH – TAS) O When the reaction is in rapid equilibrium. O When there is a large increase in entropy. O When the AG is positive. O At an enzyme active site under Vmay conditions. O None of the above.arrow_forward
- What effect can pH changes have on enzyme function? Acidosis INCREASES or DECREASES neuron excitability while alkalosis INCREASES or DECREASES neuron excitability.arrow_forwardUndergoing moderate activity, an average person will generate about 350 kJ of heat per hour. Using the heat of combustion of palmitic acid (AH = -9977.6 kJ/mol) as an approximate value for fatty substances, esti- mate how many grams of fat would be required per day to sustain this level, if all were burned for heat.arrow_forwardThe second law of thermodynamics, in a very general sense, states that entropy (S) is always increasing. ASuniverse AS system + AS surroundings > 0 When phospholipids are dispersed in an aqueous solution, they will often form more ordered structures in the form of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. This behavior seemingly contradicts the second law of thermodynamics. Why is this behavior in agreement with the second law of thermodynamics? Liposome Micelle Bilayer sheetarrow_forward
- uce the observations about each chemical reaction in the table below to decide the sign (positive or negative) of the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy Note: if you have not been given enough information to decide a sign, select the "unknown" option. reaction observations conclusions The reverse of this reaction is always spontaneous but proceeds slower at temperatures below 132. °C. AH is (pick one) AS is (pick one) His (pick one) B This reaction is endothermic. AS is (pick one) This reaction is spontaneous except below 110. °C but proceeds at a slower rate below 135. °C. AH IS (pick one) AS is (pick one)varrow_forwardNaCl (s) -> NaCI (aq) is accompanied by an increase in entropy because [Select] [Select] a solute was dissolved in water, forming a solution the number of products is greater than the number of reactants the phase change from vaporization is towards a higher internal energyarrow_forwardDoes active transport increase entropy?arrow_forward
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