IPTG Absent IPTG Present B-Galactosidase Permease B- Permease Galactoßsidase + O+ z+ Y+ + IS ot z+ Y+ + + + -ot z+ Y+ + + + oc z+ Y+ + + + + S OC z+ Y- + + + + OC z+ Y-/ F' + - ot z- Y+
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
A number of mutations affect the expression of the lac operon in E. coli. Consider each genotype below and complete the table using “+” to indicate that the gene is expressed, and “−” to indicate that gene is not expressed.
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