In this task you should explain structural isomerism in aliphatic alkanes and geometric isomerism in alkenes.

Explain why alkenes are much more reactive than alkanes towards chlorine (CI2) or bromine (Br2) in the dark at room temperature, and why alkanes do not react with HCI (g) or HBr (g) whereas alkenes do.

In organic chemistry, is it only when naming cycloalkanes that you do not put a hyphen between the substituent and the parent ring?

Why are there multiple products produced from the halogenation of alkanes via ultraviolet light?

1. Write the specific structural formula asked and the type of aliphatic hydrocarbon (alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, cycloalkene, alkyne) of the following organic compounds: 1. 2-ethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylcyclopentane • Extended structural formula • Line structural formula • Type of hydrocarbon 2. trans-4-methyl-2-hexene • Condensed structural formula Line structural formula Type of hydrocarbon 3. 2,4-dibromo-5-ethyloctane • Extended structural formula • Condensed structural formula Type of hydrocarbon 4. 4-methyl-2-hexyne • Extended structural formula • Line structural formula Type of hydrocarbon 5. 3,3-dimethylcyclohexene • Condensed structural formula • Line structural formula Type of hydrocarbon

Indicate whether each molecule is an aliphatic or an aromatic hydrocarbon. If it is aliphatic, identify the molecule as an alkane, cycloalkane, an alkene, or an alkyne. Separate your answer with a dash. Example. ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON-CYCLOALKANE * H H C -C. H.

does a positive test look like? What does a negative test look like? alkane cycloalkane alkene cycloalkene alkyne alkane cycloalkane alkene X. cycloalkene alkyne Must be handed in at the beginning of the lab period. Write the structural formula of the organic product produced in the reaction of cyclohexene with cold, dilute KMNO, I-F. Pre-Lab Assignment - Write an equation showing the reaction of cyclohexene with bromine/methylene chloride reagent using structural formulas for the starting material and the product.

Distinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.

What is the difference in bonding and in the general molecular formula between an alkene and an alkane with the same number of carbon atoms?

Summarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Correct the following false statements regarding nomenclature of hydrocarbons. a. The root name for a hydrocarbon is based on the shortest continuous chain of carbon atoms. b. The suffix used to name all hydrocarbons is -ane. c. Substituent groups are numbered so as to give the largest numbers possible. d. No number is required to indicate the positions of double or triple bonds in alkenes and alkynes. e. Substituent groups get the lowest number possible in alkenes and alkynes. f. The ortho- term in aromatic hydrocarbons indicates the presence of two substituent groups bonded to carbon- 1 and carbon-3 in benzene.