In this phase, ALL voltage-gated Na+ channels are in the process of re-setting and cannot be opened rising phase falling phase absolute refractory period relative refractory period

Q: sodium rushing into the cell, making the potential difference positive

A: Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. These cells are specialized…

Q: What will happen when ligand gated sodium channels open on a neuron? What will enter/exit the cell?…

A: Ligand-containing ion channels bind to neurotransmitters and are open to responding to ligand…

Q: If the membrane potential at the axon hillock becomes subthreshold, an action potential will be…

A: The region of the neuron from which the axon develops is known as axon hillock, and this region is…

Q: You are recording the electrical activity of a cell body with a resting membrane potential of -70…

A: Given; Resting membrane potential of the cell= -70mV No. of stimuli detected by the cell= 3 from…

Q: "After an action potential has just passed through the axon hillock, the voltage-gated Na+ channels…

A: Thank you for the question  Answer : If a second action potential can be generated it refers to as…

Q: What guarantees that there are unidirectional action potentials? Choice A threshold  B.…

A: Action potential generates when the neurons want to pass the information along the body from its…

Q: Voltage-gated K+ channel senses voltage across the plasma membrane and  permits selective passage of…

A: A rapid and large changes in membrane potential of nerve cells during which the potential actually…

Q: Axon segment depolarized to threshold AP regenerated in adjacent axon segment Voltage-gated Na*…

A: A neuron or neural cell is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. These cells…

Q: Which of the following can an EPSP give rise to? Group of answer options Local hyperpolarization…

A: The nervous system of a human being is a complex system that helps to coordinate behavior and…

Q: Graph an action potential, showing the change inelectrical potential on the y-axis and time on the…

A: Neurons communicate with each other and with the controlled organs by passing an electric current…

Q: Why is the cell unable to initiate another action potential if stimulated during the refractory…

A: The time between two consecutive action potentials is called refractory period. Action potential…

Q: Absolute refractory periods in axons: Result from conformational changes in voltage gated K channels…

A: The refractory period can be defined as the alternate rest period of muscles and neurons between two…

Q: Hyperpolarization is defined as an increase in membrane potential toward zero.

A: Hyperpolarization occurs when the membrane potential becomes more negative at a particular spot on…

Q: Response Afferent Efferent Balance pathway pathway Effector Receptor Receptor IMBALANCE Control…

A: Homeostasis is the essence of the life of warm-blooded organisms on the earth. Due to the varying…

Q: Describe the distribution of voltage gated ion channels in the nodes of Ranvier-vs-trigger zone/axon

A: Voltage gated ion channels are multi-subunit protein complexes that respond to changes in membrane…

Q: When is the charge inside a neuron at +40 millivolts? O during the refractory period O during the…

A: A membrane made up of a lipid bilayer with proteins incorporated in it surrounds all animal cells.…

Q: EPSP acilitates depolarization of postsynaptic mem ne by increasing the permeability of the membrane…

A: Answer.    The correct answer is option (d) An EPSP facilitate depolarization of the postsynaptic…

Q: Tetrodotoxin from pufferfish is a poison that blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. Therefore it…

A: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a neurotoxin with high potency. Pufferfish, porcupinefish, ocean sunfish, and…

Q: is to say, the excitatory pathways become over ive, or the inhibitory pathways, esigned to temper…

A: Normally neuron has a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolt. When an action potential…

Q: During the absolute refractory period (ARF) the voltage-gated sodium channels are mostly in their […

A: The absolute refractory period is the time following an action potential during which no additional…

Q: At the membrane of an axón, the action potential is -60 mV for K+ ions. Calculate the external and…

A: In the question we are given with action potential of the axon= -60 mV for K+ ions. We can determine…

Q: At which point in the graph do voltage-gated potassium channels open? (Base your answer to this…

A: The action potential refers to the sudden changes in the resting membrane potential of the neuron…

Q: The voltage-gated channels potential threshold. O cr Na*

A: The communication of neurons with each other take place with the help of brief electrical signals…

Q: An influx of positive sodium ions eventually causes closing of the inactivation gates of voltage…

A: When a cell is at a resting state, generally the interior of the cell has negative charge than…

Q: is it possible for a second action potential to start during the refractory period?

A: The resting membrane potential between the inner and outer side of the neural membrane is balanced…

Q: What stage of the action potential is illustrated by the set up shown? interstitial fluid anon…

A: Action potential takes place through a series of events that occurs when an nerve impulse in…

Q: You have a photoreceptor cell in a dish. You are recording its membrane potential while flashing…

A: Answer :- Option (B) is correct. - The cell depolarizes, with brighter light causing more…

Q: channels there won t open for a period of time. However, if the stimulus is strong enough, another…

A: Refractory period is a period of time during which the cell ja incapable of repeating an action…

Q: Saltatory conduction occurs on? Dendrites Cell bodies Unmyelinated axons…

A: Saltatory conduction is a type of nerve impulse conduction that occurs in myelinated axons, where…

Q: The ion gradient that most neurotransmitters use to be co-transported into nerve terminals is Ca2+…

A: The neurotransmitter such as acetylcholine use Calcium ion gradient in the nerve terminal. Nerve…

Q: Action potentials are produced by voltage-gated channels True False

A: In most animal cells, the membrane potential is dictated predominantly by the potassium ions…

Q: Which of the following is FALSE about action potentials?      At resting potential, there are more…

A: Change in the membrane potential are brought about by changes in ion movement across the membrane.…

Q: during the absolute refractory period k+ channels are open while na+ channels are   1. activated…

A: The phrase "refractory phase" refers to the period of time when a specific cell or organ is unable…

Q: Continuos propagation of action potentials occurs in myelinated axons and is faster than conduction…

A: Indeed.In myelinated axons, action potentials propagate continuously and more quickly than in…

Q: Hyperpolarization of a graded potential can be: Stimulatory Inhibitory Are both Or none…

A: All cells have an electrical potential difference, or membrane potential, across their plasma…

Q: In the dark, bipolar cells are O inactive due to open Cl- channels O active due to open Na+ channels…

A: Bipolar cells are neurons located in the retina of the eye. They receive input from photoreceptors,…

Q: As the action potential (AP) propagates away from the axon hillock, why does it continue in one…

A: Action potentials, those electrical impulses that go throughout the body, are nothing more than a…

Q: A drug that blocks Na+ channels in neurons does so not only in the axon but also in the dendrites…

A: Sodium channel blockers are used clinical for various purposes like local anaesthetic agent,…

Q: What causes Hyperpolarization following the spike of the action potential? Voltage-gated K+ channels…

A: An action potential is a rapid and transient electrical signal that travels down the axon of a…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.