in the space below, draw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of amniotes shown in the top figure, but with a different arrangemen

2. Draw the branches for the next phylogenetic tree using the matrix below and then map the traits like you did in the last example. Sharks and relatives Ray-finned fishes Amphibians Primates → Rodents and rabbits → Crocodiles and relatives Dinosaurs and birds Vertebrae? Bony YES YES YES YES YES YES YES skeleton? Sharks and Relatives Ray Finned Fishes Amphibians Primates Rodents and Rabbits Crocodiles and Relatives Dinosaurs and Birds no no YES no YES YES YES YES YES YES YES Four limbs? no no no YES YES YES YES YES YES YES Amniotic egg? Hair? no no no YES no 2 2 2 2 2 YES no no no no no YES YES Two post-orbital fenestrae? 1. Name the outgroup of this tree 2. Name a pair of sister taxa 3. Are there any polytomies on this tree? 4. Name a derived trait for primates and rodents: 5. Name 4 ancestral traits for primates and rodents: Vertebrae, Bony Skeleton, Four Limbs, Amniotic Eqa

Help me please

4) What makes Archeopteryx an important fossil evolutionarily? A)This species has a mix of characters that suggest it was a "transitional" species between two large groups, dinosaurs and birds. B)This species is the oldest known, universally agreed upon, fossil of life, and therefore tells up what the common ancestor to all living things might have been like. C)This species has a mix of characters that suggests is was a "transitional" species between two large groups, fish and amphibians. D)This species is thought to be the last common ancestor between chimps and humans, and therefore is the root of our own specific group (homonins).

INSTRUCTIONS: 1. On the branches of the phylogenetic tree on the back side of this worksheet, write in a unique derived trait (Autapomorphy), either anatomical or behavioral, that is used to distinguish each primate subgroup from the other taxa of primates. The points where the derived traits should be entered are labelled A1 - A6 and a written description of what is expected for each appears below and to the right of the tree. 2. On the trunk of the phylogenetic tree write in a shared derived trait (Synapomorphy) that unifies the branches (clades) of the tree which sit to the right of the trait marker (S1-S5). Again these traits can be either anatomical or behavioral and a written description of what is expected for each appears below and to the right of the tree. For both #1 and #2 you should write in at least one trait for each trait marker (A1-A6 and S1-S5) that appears on the phylogenetic tree. Make sure all entries are detailed enough to differentiate taxa and written legibly. If…

1.What is the scientific name of the beluga whale? 2.Write the common name of another species that is in the same CLASS as the beluga whale. 3.Bees and bats both fly, and their wings would be considered: A.Analogous Traits B.Homologous Traits

8. Evolutionary biologists can estimate when major clades probably diverged from each other using molecular clocks. How do they know when these splits happened? 9. Describe how evolutionary reversal and horizontal gene transfer make it more difficult to create an accurate phylogenetic tree

45. Which of the following chordate groups is believed to have been the most ancient to evolve (during the Cambrian Period, from 542 to 488 million years ago)? A. Class Amphibia (e.g., frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians) B. Class Reptilia (e.g., lizards, snakes, turtles, and crocodiles) C. Class Mammalia (e.g., mice, rats, dogs, wolves, and humans) D. Class Aves (e.g., eagles, penguins, pelicans, and sparrows) E. Class Agnatha (e.g., conodonts, hagfish, and the sea lamprey)

2. Examine the phylogeny below, which is the phylogeny for all extant species from a genus of birds, constructed using nuclear sequences (the numbers simply label the species). 2 3 Clade A 5 6 Clade B 1 7 (a) Give two explanations for why there are more species in clade A compared to B (i.e. I want general explanations for why some clades have more species than others 4.