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in the space below, draw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of amniotes shown in the top figure, but with a different arrangemen

in the space below, draw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of amniotes shown in the top figure, but with a different arrangemen

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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5.) in the space below, draw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of amniotes shown in the top figure, but with a different arrangement. ( exclude lungfish and amphibians) 

The image features a phylogenetic tree illustrating evolutionary relationships among various animal groups. Here's a detailed transcription and explanation for an educational website: --- **Phylogenetic Tree Explanation** The phylogenetic tree presented in the image shows evolutionary relationships among several taxa, focusing on key evolutionary traits. 1. **Digit-bearing Limbs**: This trait, denoted by label 1, marks the evolutionary split between lungfishes and the rest of the groups. 2. **Amnion**: Represented by label 2, this feature distinguishes the amniotes, which include reptiles and mammals, from the amphibians. 3. **Feathers**: Indicated by labels 5 and 6, this characteristic separates birds (hawks, ostriches, and other birds) from crocodiles, which are still closely related under the group known as archosaurs. **Branches and Taxa:** - From the base (label 1), the first branch leads to lungfishes. - Following this, a branch leads to amphibians (label 2). - Another branch diverges to form amniotes (label 3), which further splits into: - Mammals. - The group of reptiles, first dividing into: - Crocodiles. - Birds (comprising hawks, other birds, ostriches, as marked by labels 5 and 6). - Lizards and snakes. **Instructions for Reconstructing the Phylogenetic Tree:** 5. In the provided space, you are asked to reconstruct an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree focusing on the five lineages of amniotes shown in the diagram but arranged differently. While lungfishes and amphibians are omitted from this task, all other lineages are included. You are encouraged to rearrange the branches to reflect these evolutionary relationships accurately. (Hint: You can use the "Draw" tab to create the phylogenetic tree.) **Note**: The phylogenetic tree depicted does not represent the same evolutionary relationship between all taxa, as each taxon in the tree has a different most common ancestor. --- This detailed description will aid learners in understanding evolutionary relationships and constructing accurate phylogenetic trees.
Transcribed Image Text:The image features a phylogenetic tree illustrating evolutionary relationships among various animal groups. Here's a detailed transcription and explanation for an educational website: --- **Phylogenetic Tree Explanation** The phylogenetic tree presented in the image shows evolutionary relationships among several taxa, focusing on key evolutionary traits. 1. **Digit-bearing Limbs**: This trait, denoted by label 1, marks the evolutionary split between lungfishes and the rest of the groups. 2. **Amnion**: Represented by label 2, this feature distinguishes the amniotes, which include reptiles and mammals, from the amphibians. 3. **Feathers**: Indicated by labels 5 and 6, this characteristic separates birds (hawks, ostriches, and other birds) from crocodiles, which are still closely related under the group known as archosaurs. **Branches and Taxa:** - From the base (label 1), the first branch leads to lungfishes. - Following this, a branch leads to amphibians (label 2). - Another branch diverges to form amniotes (label 3), which further splits into: - Mammals. - The group of reptiles, first dividing into: - Crocodiles. - Birds (comprising hawks, other birds, ostriches, as marked by labels 5 and 6). - Lizards and snakes. **Instructions for Reconstructing the Phylogenetic Tree:** 5. In the provided space, you are asked to reconstruct an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree focusing on the five lineages of amniotes shown in the diagram but arranged differently. While lungfishes and amphibians are omitted from this task, all other lineages are included. You are encouraged to rearrange the branches to reflect these evolutionary relationships accurately. (Hint: You can use the "Draw" tab to create the phylogenetic tree.) **Note**: The phylogenetic tree depicted does not represent the same evolutionary relationship between all taxa, as each taxon in the tree has a different most common ancestor. --- This detailed description will aid learners in understanding evolutionary relationships and constructing accurate phylogenetic trees.
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