In an inhibitory synapse, neurotransmitter binding to a receptor cause opening of __________ resulting in a hyperpolarizing event and reduces likelihood of AP generation. a. sodium ion channels b. potassium ion channels c. chloride ion channels d. a and b e. b and c

21. How does partial damage to the neuronal membrane lead to excessive amounts of neurotransmitter release? a. Sodium can freely enter the cell to depolarize it b. Potassium can freely enter the cell to depolarize it c. Chloride can freely exit the cell to depolarize it d. GABA receptors become blocked, preventing proper suppression e. Dopamine receptors become activated, exciting the neuron f. None of the above

1. Transmitter substances   a. may be inhibitory or stimulatory.   b. change the permeability of postsynaptic cells.   c. elicit graded potentials near the synapse.   d. all of these 2. The major divisions of the peripheral nervous system are   a. peripheral and central systems.   b. afferent and autonomic systems.   c. somatic and autonomic systems.   d. sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. 3. At rest, a nerve cell has a high concentration of __________ inside and a high concentration of __________ outside.   a. potassium; sodium   b. acetylcholine; chlorine   c. sodium; potassium   d. phosphorus; calcium 4.  Which of the following would NOT be defined as a part of the central nervous system?   a. brain   b. cerebellum   c. spinal nerves   d. neuroglia cells 5.  The basic unit of the nervous system is   a. a nerve impulse.   b. the brain.   c. neuroglia.   d. the neuron.

Place the steps of the action potential in order. 3. a brief reversal of membrane potential that travels along the axon mechanism that restores the resting membrane voltage and intracellular ionic concentrations 2.C reversal of the resting potential due to an influx of sodium ions 1. period during which potassium ions are diffusing out of the neuron because of a change in membrane permeability

7.  Cell A is a glutamatergic neuron with a single synapse onto Cell B. Which of the following events would NOT result in an increased postsynaptic response in Cell B caused by an action potential in Cell A? a. Increase in the amount of glutamate released from Cell A b. Increase in the number of AMPA receptors on the surface of Cell B c. Increase in the number of GABA receptors on the surface of Cell B d. Addition of more synapses between Cell A and Cell B e. These would all increase the postsynaptic response

25.A a. Axon b. Dendrites e. Cell body d. synapse. 26. The 27.The a. central b. peripheral 28.A a. central b. peripheral 30. When the 31. When the is a small space across which an impulse travels to move from one neuron to another. a. Glial cell b. Meninges e. Neuron d. Cerebrospinal fluid 32. Fill the blanks Questions. 29. When a movement causes the spinal cord to interpret an impulse from the brain from sensory receptors this movement is called a centers. nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. 33. nervous system is made up of all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. 34. 35. is made up of a cell body, dendrite, and axon. division is dominant, the body is activated. division dominates, the body is inactive sends information from and to other brain centers, involve in homeostasis and body movement coordination. involved in vision and auditory integration, conducts sensory information to hire brain through which sensory and motor tracts pass. responsible for…

4 3 7 Which of the following answers correctly identifies the number showing the axon terminal in the diagram and gives the axon terminal function? Select one: a. 5; production of action potential b. 1; production of action potential O c. 5; production of serotonin o d. 1; production of serotonin

Action potentials are conducted more rapidlya. in small-diameter axons than in large-diameter axons.b. in unmyelinated axons than in myelinated axons.c. along axons that have nodes of Ranvier.d. All of these are correct.

Under what conditions could the opening of a chloride channel actually depolarize a neuron rather than hyperpolarize it? i. The neuron is resting at -75 mV ii. The extracellular chloride concentration is lower than the intracellular chloride concentration iii. The neuron is close to its threshold of -55 mV O a. i only O b. ii only O c. i and ii only O d. ii and iii only O e. i, ii, and i O f. None of these

8. Use diagram 136 to answer the next question. If the axon of the neuron X is stimulated at threshold level Fig 136 Dendrite Axon Neuron Neuron Neuron 个 Symapse Synapse メ a. Neuron W will also be stimulated b. Neurons W and Y will both be stimulated c. Acetylcholine will move across synapse 2 d. Acetylcholine will move across synapse 1 and 2