How can you show that σ (sigma factor) does not really accelerate the rate of transcription elongation?

Q: Antibiotic-resistance is one of the gravest dangers to the world’s medical system. As a result, Dr.…

A: Antibiotic resistance refers to the ability of bacteria to resist the effects of antibiotics, making…

Q: Give the structure of transcription in eukaryotes?

A: Eukaryotic transcription is the intricate mechanism used by eukaryotic cells to copy genetic…

Q: Although initiation requires the sigma factor or sigma subunit be associated with the core RNA…

A: Transcription is a process by which RNA is synthesized using DNA as template. Transcription occurs…

Q: What is the general effect of methylation of a genomics region on transcription?

A: DNA methylation is a biochemical process involving the addition of methyl groups to the Dna strand.…

Q: Consider the Rho-dependent terminator sequence 5’CCCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGCCUUUUUUUU-3’. What affect…

A: The mutation is the change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA. The point mutation is the mutation…

Q: What is the initial product of the transcription process?

A: Introduction: The process by which DNA molecule form a RNA molecule that is messenger RNA (mRNA) is…

Q: In the termination phase of transcription what occurs? What is terminating or stopping

A: * Transcription is the process in which a  segment of DNA will be copied into RNA. *This segments of…

Q: One of Dr. Peῆa’s doctoral students, Marisol, finds out there are multiple mutant forms of U…

A: Given Antibiotic-resistance is one of the gravest dangers to the world’s medical system. As a…

Q: List five events other than transcription initiation thatcan affect the type or amount of active…

A: A eukaryotic cell contains a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and cytoplasm which are enclosed by…

Q: What could be the effect  of a base substitution which prevents post-transcriptional removal of an…

A: A base substitution is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed in the sequence…

Q: How are RNA secondary structures involved in transcription attenuation?

A: DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. DNA is a double-helical molecule while RNA is a single-stranded…

Q: What are the two main circumstances necessary for active transcription?

A: Every living organism has Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA has a recipe for synthesizing proteins.…

Q: Compare transcription initiation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A: Transcription is a process through which the genetic information present in the DNA molecule is…

Q: Where in the eukaryotic cell does transcription occur and what molecule is produced during…

A: Eukaryotic transcription is a part of gene expression process. Usually the gene is expressed…

Q: Why is TBP considered to be a universal transcription factor?

A: The TATA-binding protein is a general transcription factor that binds specifically to a DNA sequence…

Q: Define about transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) ?

A: The targeted alternation in sequence of DNA can be achieved by many engineered nuclease. TALENs are…

Q: During the elongation phase of transcription, what molecule is being made? What enzyme is…

A: Transcription is the process in which RNA is formed from DNA. It happens in both prokaryotes and…

Q: Initiation of transcription in prokaryotic cells requires not only RNA polymerase, but also an…

A: The sites of transcription on the DNA has three main regions viz., promoter region (upstream of the…

Q: What is the general effect of methylation of a genomics region on transcription?

A: Without affecting the sequence, methylation can modify the activities of a DNA region. When DNA…

Q: Define the Mechanisms of Transcription Repression ?

A: The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information in cells from DNA…

Q: What is the composition of minimal initiation complex during transcription? TBP, TAF, TFIIA, TFIIB,…

A: In eukaryotes several transcription factors are necessary for the basal expression of an eukaryotic…

Q: What would you expect to happen if you mutate a transcription factor binding site in a promoter?

A: A mutation is a sudden change in the structure of DNA. If we mutate a transcription factor then it…

Q: Contrast the two types of transcription terminators in E.coli.

A:

Q: What is transcription attenuation?

A: Transcriptional attenuation is a mechanism that causes premature termination of transcription under…

Q: List the 5 general transcription factors required for initiation of transcription in eukaryotes.

A: Transcription is the process of converting genetic information stored in DNA into RNA molecules.…

Q: Why is it important for the transcription bubble to remain a constant size?

A: Transcription is the first step in gene expression, in which information from a gene is used to…

Q: Where in the many steps of transcription initiation does regulation occur?

A: Transcriptional regulation: It can be defined as a mechanism that collectively helps in regulating…

Q: What is the role of chromatin modification in transcription

A: Chromatin remodeling is dynamic modification of chromatin to allow access of condensed genomic DNA…

Q: Describe the three models for RNAP active-center translocation during transcription initiation?

A: In gene expression. transcription initiation is the first and highly regulated process. In initial…

Q: 7) Which of the following needs to occur for transcription to take place in prokaryotes? A) The RNA…

A: Prokaryotic transcription is the process by which the genetic material in prokaryotes is converted…

Q: Once an RNA polymerase has initiated transcription, it will release the sigma factor or sigma…

A: TRANSCRIPTION- The process of formation of mRNA from the DNA strand is known as transcription. It is…

Q: In bacteria, which sequences in the promoter does sigma protein recognize to establish a constant…

A: A promoter is the cis-acting and position-dependent DNA sequence that is necessary for efficient…

Q: Tabulate the similarities and differences between factor-dependent and factor-independent…

A: Transcription is the process that forms a mRNA sequence from the information encoded in the DNA…

Q: What are the two main components to activation of transcription via epigenetic mechanisms?

A: Transcription is the process of converting double-stranded DNA into single-stranded RNA with help of…

Q: Once an RNA polymerase has initiated transcription, it will release the sigma factor or sigma…

A: RNA polymerase is a multi-unit enzyme that uses transcription to create RNA molecules from a DNA…

Q: The following diagram represents a transcription unit in a hypothetical DNA molecule. 5′ … TTGACA ……

A: Bacterial transcription is the process in which a segment of bacterial DNA is copied into a newly…

Q: Explain the different ways in which eukaryotic transcription elongation is controlled.

A: Transcription is the process, which results in the synthesis of mRNA.