Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Which of the following is a set of immediate general defenses against infection present in all multicelled organisms?
Innate immunity
Antibody-mediated immunity
Cell-mediated immunity
Adaptive immunity
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- Which of the following is true about the immune system? Check all that apoply. Rejecting organs or bone marrow transplantation is the normal function of the immune system Overreaction of the immune system to cause allergy or causing autoimmune diseases is normal function of the immune system Immune system discriminates between self and non-self Immune system eliminates infectious agents but not cancer from the human body Eliminating infectious agents and cancer are the normal functions of the immune systemarrow_forwardThe development of primary and secondary immune responses to an antigen differs significantly. The primary response may take a week or more to develop fully and establish memory. The secondary response is rapid and relies on the activation of clones of memory cells. Would it not be better if clones of reactive cells were maintained regardless of prior exposure? In this way, the body could always respond rapidly to any antigen exposure. Would there be any disadvantages to this approach? Why?arrow_forwardWhich if the following statements regarding the differentiation of self vs. non-self by the immune system is CORRECT? - Failure to differentiate self vs. non-self can lead to autoimmune disease - Differentiation of self vs. non-self is key to recognizing the presence of an infection - Differentiation of self vs. non-self is key to mounting an immune response against infections and not against host tissues - All of the above statements are correctarrow_forward
- The shingles vaccine introduces killed virions with antigen intact, into the body of a person who is not sick with it at the time. The person does not get sick but still gains long term immunity. What type of immunity is this? artificial passive natural passive artificial active artificial passivearrow_forwardWhich of the following is a mechanism by which antibodies help rid the body of invading microbes? Agglutination whereby the bacteria are clumped together. Identifying viruses for elimination by NK cells Non-antibody dependent activation of complement Autoimmune diseasearrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a component of an autoimmune response? The body's immune system targets its own tissues. Lymphocytes are produced that cannot discriminate between self and nonself. A normally harmless substance provokes an immune response in some people. An autoimmune response may be triggered by infection by a bacterium or virus such as HIV.arrow_forward
- Breastfeeding is an example of which of the following types of immunity? View Available Hint(s) for Part A artificially acquired active immunity naturally acquired active immunity artificially acquired passive immunotherapy naturally acquired passive immunityarrow_forwardProtection is given to children before they catch a disease. They are given an injection of virions treated with formaldehyde to make them unable to cause infection, the antigen remains intact. What type of immunity is this? natural active natural passive artificial active artificial passivearrow_forwardWhat part of defense would likely be affected if the pathogen contained a mutation in it's pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)? Group of answer choices the pathogen would secrete greater amounts of toxins. the pathogen might not be recognized by the host. the pathogen would not be able to penetrate the host's physical barriers. the pathogen would be easily recognized by the host's TLRs.arrow_forward
- What are the roles of the following cytokines in defense against infections: 1) TNF 2) IL-12 3) Type I Interferonarrow_forwardThe defenses created by physical barriers are often supported by chemical barriers (and vis versa), in the innate immune response, as a way to target the normal living conditions of foreign invaders. This may include an acidic environment, a nutrient deprived environment, or sequestering/ blocking an organism into a certain location in the body. True Falsearrow_forwardWhich type of immunity is acquired through the transfer of colostrum from the mother to the child? Natural active immunity Artificial active immunity Natural passive immunity Artificial passive immunityarrow_forward
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