Helium gas is compressed from 90 kPa and 30C to 450 kPa in a reversible, adiabatic process. Determine the final temperature and the work done, assuming the process takes place (a) in a piston–cylinder device and (b) in a steady-flow compressor.

(a) For the atmosphere, write down an expression for the first law of thermodynamics for an adiabatic process. (b) Write down an expression for change of internal energy of a system in a constant-volume (isosteric) process. (c) Determine the specific internal energy change and the work done during an isosteric cooling from 0°C to -10°C. (d)Determine the pressure level attained when a system expands adiabatically in the atmosphere from 1000 mb and temperature falls from 0°C to -10°C.

The figure shows a reversible cycle through which 1.00 mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken. Process bc is an adiabatic expansion, with pb = 5.80 atm and Vb = 1.00 x 10-3 m3. For the cycle, find (a) the energy added to the gas as heat, (b) the energy leaving the gas as heat, (c) the net work done by the gas, and (d) the efficiency of the cycle.

Air (a diatomic ideal gas) at 25.0°C and atmospheric pressure is drawn into a bicycle pump (see figure below) that has a cylinder with an inner diameter of 2.50 cm and length 53.5 cm. The downstroke adiabatically compresses the air, which reaches a gauge pressure of 8.00 x 10° Pa before entering the tire. We wish to investigate the temperature increase of the pump.

An ideal monatomic gas expands adiabatically from 0.530 m³ to 1.72 m³. If the initial pressure and temperature are 1.30 × 105 Pa and 355 K, respectively, find the number of moles in the gas, the final gas pressure, the final gas temperature, and the work done on the gas. HINT (a) the number of moles in the gas (Enter your answer to at least three significant figures.) mol (b) the final gas pressure (Enter your answer in Pa, to at least three significant figures.) Pa (c) the final gas temperature (in K) K (d) the work done on the gas (in J) J

A sealed piston-cyclinder system contains 1.6 moles of helium (a monatomic ideal gas) at 1.6 atm pressure. An isothermal process is carried out in which 870 J of heat is transferred out of the system. Which one of the following statements is true? The process is described is impossible because no heat transfer occurs during an isothermal process. The internal energy of the system decreases by 870 J. 870 J of work is done on the system. Zero work is done. 870 J of work is done by the system.

Which one of the following statements is true about a sealed ideal gas system? You can increase the internal energy of the system without increasing its temperature. To raise the temperature of the system, you must add heat. No work occurs during a constant-pressure process. In an adiabatic process, no energy leaves or enters the system. In an isothermal process, the internal energy of the system remains the same.

a) Consider a process involving an ideal diatomic gas with n = 3mol, following p = aV, where a = 1 x 105 Pa/m³ is a constant. The gas ex- pands from volume V; = 1 m³ to V; = 4m3. P2 Find the (i) work done on the gas. (ii) heat entering the gas. 1 (iii) change in the internal energy of the gas. b) Now consider the cycle depicted in the figure, involving the same amount of gas as in the previous part. A → B is the process described in the previous subtask, B → C an isochor and C → A an isobar. Additionally, V2/V1 = n = 4 and Vi = 1 m³. Find the Pi 3 i) work done by the gas during one loop of the cycle. V1 V2 V ii) thermal efficiency of the cycle. iii) maximum theoretical efficiency of a Car- not cycle having the same temperature extrema as in this cycle. iv) coefficient of performance of the cycle, if it were used as a refrigerator .