Hawk Homes, Inc., makes one type of birdhouse that it sells for $30.00 each. Its variable cost is $13.50 per house, and its fixed costs total $14,239.50 per year. Hawk currently has the capacity to produce up to 2,800 birdhouses per year, so its relevant range is 0 to 2,800 houses. Required: 1. Prepare a contribution margin income statement for Hawk assuming it sells 1,110 birdhouses this year. 2. Without any calculations, determine Hawk's total contribution margin if the company breaks even. 3. Calculate Hawk's contribution margin per unit and its contribution margin ratio.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
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