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- 6. A carrot, when dried out, becomes soft. There is a way to make it firm and crisp. Explain how and why, using the following guidelines. a) Draw and label a representative cell of the carrot, in its dried state. Be precise in your drawing. b)Describe the type of extracellular solution that is appropriate to add to make the desired change (name and define what type of solution, the net movements of solvent and solutes, etc.). c)Draw a representative cell of the carrot, in its possible state after the change. Represent the movement of water using an arrow to indicate what has happened.5. Which of the following is NOT true about channel and carrier proteins? a) Carriers never form a direct opening between inside and outside the cell. b) Channels generally transport material faster than carriers. c) Only carriers are used for selective transport of materials d) All of the above are true about channel and carrier proteins. 6. If it can cross a membrane, a solute will move from a hyposmotic/hyperosmotic (circle or highlight the correct one) solution to a hyposmotic/hyperosmotic (circle or highlight the correct one) solution. 7. Water always moves from a hyposmotic/hyperosmotic (circle or highlight the correct one) solution to a hyposmotic/hyperosmotic (circle or highlight the correct one) solution.Explain (using the correct terminology and drawing an image) what happens to the cells in the following environments: A human blood cell (0.9% salt) is placed in a saltwater tank (27.5% salt). - A bacterial cell with 35% organic material in their cytoplasm is living in a tank filled with 35% sulfur. - A freshwater plant cell (75% water) is living in a pond that floods over.
- 1) Draw a model of the plasma membrane to form a cell. Include a tube embedded in the membrane. Show 2 water molecules inside the cell and 12 water molecules outside the cell. Indicate which way the water will move through the aquaporin with an arrow. a) Using your knowledge of membrane transport, which direction will the water molecules move through the aquaporin? Why? b) Why would water have a difficult time crossing the cell membrane? Keep in mind the structure of water in your answer. 2) Develop an explanation for the necessity of having kinks in the hydrophobic tail of the phospholipids that make up cell membranes. a) Develop an explanation for the necessity of having kinks in the hydrophobic tail of the phospholipids that make up cell membranes.4. A researcher is interested in the mode of transport of three different substances (A, B, & C) across the cell membrane. The researcher's data is presented in the graphs below. A) A Initial rate of transport into the Bor C cell Concentration The graph above shows the initial rate of transport for each substance when cells that do not contain A, B, or C are placed in solutions of differing concentrations of A, B, and C, respectively. Based on this data, which of the following is/are compatible modes of transport for substance A? (active transport, facilitated diffusion, simple diffusion) For substance B? For substance C?3. The diagram to the right depicts a cell submerged in a solution. The cell membrane is permeable to water but not to sugar. Start by completing the % concentrations of water of the intracellular and extracellular solutions. a) What is the cytosol in this example? (circle the correct term below) hypotonic hypertonic isotonic b) How do you know? 30% Sugar % Water d) Predict: What is going to happen to the size(mass) of the cell? 60% Sugar % Water c) Because the solutions are not isotonic, osmosis is going to occur. In what direction is water going to move? e) Predict: What is going to happen to the extracellular solute concentration?
- The primary function of the kidney is to exchange molecules across a membrane between the blood and the urine. One type of kidney cell has a basic rectangular shape, except for a single surface, which is lined with tiny, finger-like projections that extend into the surrounding extracellular space. Which of the following best explains the advantage these projections provide the cell? The projections increase the selectivity of the membrane because the small size of the projections limits the number of transport proteins that can be embedded in the membrane. The projections increase the volume of the cell without affecting the surface area, which increases the metabolic needs of the cell. The projections increase the surface area–to-volume ratio of the cell, which allows for more efficient nutrient exchange with the environment. The projections increase the speed at which an individual molecule can move,…The cytoplasm of a certain cell is composed of a solution that is 98% water, 2% solutes. Consider the solution shown in the beaker in this picture: FOOE OOS Foor solution. [Select] Cytoplasm is 98% water, 2% solutes. The solution in the beaker would be considered when compared to [Select] The plasma membrane is impermeable to solutes. Beaker solution is 98% water, 2% solutes the cell. We would expect that the cell would [Select] if it was placed in the would account for whatever changes might occur to the volume of the cytoplasm of the cell when it is placed in the solution.Which of the following best describes a hypotonic solution? a-There is a higher concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell b-There is a lower concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell c-The solute concentration both inside and outside the cell is equal d-Through osmosis, water will enter the cell causing it to swell
- 1) We measured weights before and after soaking a potato in water of different salinities to demonstrate osmosis. There are many other types of membrane transport (as we learned from the Amoeba Sisters!), each with their role in maintaining homeostasis and providing energy, communication, and waste removal for the cell. So why dwell on osmosis? There are some practical bigger- picture things to consider. Choose one of the following scenarios. Describe the scenario. Describe the chain of events terms of tonicity_and movement of water into or out of cells represented by the scenario. Describe the predicted outcomes for the cells/organisms involved. What happens when you dry brine a turkey before cooking? ● • What happens to organisms in soil near salted roads when snow melt and rains occur? Why is sugar considered a good preservative? What is the challenge of heavy rains along the Mississippi River for organisms in the Gulf of Mexico? ● • What happens to fruit when you add sugar? ●What is the role of lysozyme and a low ionic strength extraction buffer? Select all that apply. Cells absorb water from a low ionic strength extraction buffer, by osmosis, swell and lyse, releasing their contents Lysozyme breaks down bonds in the cellulose cell wall of plants, weakening the structure Cells release water into a low ionic strength extraction buffer by osmosis, shrink and lyse, releasing their contents Lysozyme is an enzyme found in lysosomes in cells Lysozyme breaks down bonds in the peptidoglycan cell wall of bacteria, weakening the structure Lysozyme is an antibiotic found in tears, saliva, human milk and mucus.Provide 3 hypotheses about the fluidity and mosaicity of the cell membrane. Write the hypotheses in "IF-THEN" statement form. Example: If the detection tests result in a change of color, appearance, or pH value of the solution, then there is a movement of glucose, starch, NaCl, or H+ ions across the semi-permeable dialyzing membrane bag, and it is a good model.