What influence does randomized allocation of treatment in an experimental study have on confounding by some factor other than the factor of interest (say age in a study of fever in infancy (the exposure) and asthma as a young child (the health outcome))? (cite at least one source)
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What influence does randomized allocation of treatment in an experimental study have on confounding by some factor other than the factor of interest (say age in a study of fever in infancy (the exposure) and asthma as a young child (the health outcome))?
(cite at least one source)
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- The following case study is a paraphrase from "Good Clinical Practice. Standard Operating Procedures for Clinical Researchers" (Kolman, J., Meng, P. and Scott, G. editors; John Wiley and Sons publishers, 1998): “While a study subject and a relative were walking in town one day during the summer, a hanging flower basket fell on a study subjects head, resulting in the study subject falling down and becoming unconscious. The subject’s relative called for an ambulance. On arrival at a local hospital’s Emergency Department, in which the subject regained consciousness but could not recall the event, a x-ray revealed a fractured skull. The subject’s consciousness level at this point was deteriorating and after further tests a subdural hematoma was diagnosed, which was evacuated under general anesthesia. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and progressing well until day four, when the patient developed acute dyspnea (shortness of breath) at rest during visiting time. An emergency lung scan…If only the person collecting the data knew who was receiving the pills and who was receiving the placebo, which of the following best describes the study type? A Control B Single blind C Double blind D Bias Answer is B. Single blind? Can you help me to explain to me step by step?How can Six Sigma or other frameworks be used in healthcare risk management? Short answer please do it asap!
- A researcher would like to evaluate the claim that a new drug, "Acne Buster" can help individuals eliminate acne. Participants were randomly assigned to 2 different groups. One group of participants is given the Acne Buster pill daily and the other group is given a placebo (sugar pill). The researcher records the number of acne outbreaks each individual experiences during the 30-day trial run. What type of study (correlational, longitudinal, experimental, naturalistic observation) is this?The α level in the context of reporting findings from a randomized controlled trial corresponds to the probability of concluding: Correctly that the treatment and control groups differ with respect to risk of outcome. That the treatment and control groups differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do not. Correctly that the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome. That the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do. That you don’t have sufficient information to present results.What is the difference between the experiment's control group and controlling for confounding variables?
- In experimental design, researchers often (but not always) will include 2 types of controls. These are known as the ___________ and ___________ controls, which show constitutive affirmative and negating result respectively.The fundamental axiom of preventive medicine suggests that: Select one: a. We should screen the population to identify those with only slightly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then treat those individuals preventatively. O O b. We should screen the population to identify those with highly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then treat only those individuals. C. We should screen the population to identify those with only slightly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then only treat those individuals who show symptoms of disease. d. We should not screen the population and identify those with highly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) as they become sick and then treat only those individuals.In double-blind studies neither the test subject or the researcher knows who was given the drug and who was given the control. Why are these studies effective for testing a drug that may elevate mood and relieve feelings of depression? Since there are two symptoms that are affected, a double-blind study is required. Double-blind studies are ways to ensure that only the researcher can figure out who is getting the effective drug. Double-blind studies are the most economical way to gather results from testing on humans. The patients and researchers are not given this information so they cannot be influenced in reporting the effectiveness.
- Describe how a placebo is used in research studies.The concept of hierarchy of control describes the order of effectives of mitigation measure. The effectiveness of mitigating the risk relies on the combination of all the different control measures. O Both statements are true O First statement is false, second statement is true O First statement is true, second statement is false O Both statements are falseAccording to Veatch, et. al., when considering whether a treatment is futile or no, we should only consider the potential health benefits. True False