Glucose transporter (GLUT) isoforms move glucose in and out of the cell GLUTS respond to the glucose equilibrium concentrations. Use your knowledge of enzyme catalysis and kinetics to predict which of the following correctly rank the steps in glucose transport by GLUT1? 1. Glucose binding results in a conformational change, opening the binding site on the opposite side of the membrane 11. Glucose binds to the transporter on one side of the membrane Ill. The transporter reverts to initial conformation V. The glucose disassociates OAI, I, IV, II OB. 1,1, I, IV OCNI ODII, IV, II OENIBI

Glucose transporter (GLUT) isoforms move glucose in and out of the cell GLUTS respond to the glucose equilibrium concentrations. Use your knowledge of enzyme catalysis and kinetics to predict which of the following correctly rank the steps in glucose transport by GLUT1? 1. Glucose binding results in a conformational change, opening the binding site on the opposite side of the membrane 11. Glucose binds to the transporter on one side of the membrane Ill. The transporter reverts to initial conformation V. The glucose disassociates OAI, I, IV, II OB. 1,1, I, IV OCNI ODII, IV, II OENIBI

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter4: Cells

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD

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Many types of cells are able to use membrane-spanning transport proteins and a source of energy to drive the active transport of glucose across the cell membrane. Leť's consider a specific protein that is able to transport (from outside the cell into the cytoplasm) one molecule of glucose for each molecule of ATP the protein hydrolyzes. The details of this process are not important for this problem except that you can treat it like equilibrium process. The overall reaction and the associated AG at 298 K for this process are given below. Glc(out) + ATP + H20 = Glc(in) + ADP + P at T = 298 K, AG = -31.3 kJ mol-1 Additional Information: • P. is "inorganic phosphate" (i.e. PO4²- & related species). At equilibrium, [P] = 3 x 10-3 M. • The cell maintains a ratio of ATP to ADP of about 20 (i.e. [ATP]/[ADP] = 20). • The maximum ratio of [Glc(in)] to [Glc(out)] occurs when the system is at equilibrium. a) Write an expression for the equilibrium constant for this process. b) Your expression for…
Transport kinetics through protein transporters can be described using the language of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The transported substance binding to its protein transporter is analogous to the substrate binding to its enzyme. Thus, KM and vmax values can be determined for protein transporters. a. Use the line graph to estimate KM and vmax values for glucose uptake max by pericytes in the presence and absence of sodium ions. Show your work! b. What do these values tell you about the binding of glucose in pericytes? Specifically, have the investigators demonstrated convincingly that an SGLT exists in pericytes? In endothelial cells? Use evidence from any of the preceding questions to support your answers.
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Intestinal epithelial cells pump glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient using the Na+– glucose symporter. Recall that the Na+ concentration is significantly higher outside the cell than inside the cell. The symporter couples the "downhill" transport of two Na+ ions into the cell to the "uphill" transport of glucose into the cell. If the Na+ concentration outside the cell ([Na+]out) is 163 mM and that inside the cell ([Na+]in) is 21.0 mM, and the cell potential is −54.0 mV (inside negative), calculate the maximum energy available for pumping a mole of glucose into the cell. Assume the temperature is 37 °C.
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