Given that long wings (L) are dominant to short wings (I) , predict the phenotypic ratio in a cross between two heterozygotes (LI X ). 1. 3 long wing: 1 short wing 2. 3 short wing : 1 long wing 3. 1 long wing: 0 short wing 4. long wing: 1 short wing

3. In seals, the gene for the length of the whiskers has two alleles. The dominant allele (W) codes long whiskers and the recessive allele (w) codes for short whiskers. What is the probability of producing offspring that have short whiskers from a cross of two long-whiskered seals, one that is homozygous dominant and one that is heterozygous? Genotype: Phenotype:

7. Assume that one of Squidward's sons, who is heterozygous for the light blue body color, married a girl that was also heterozygous. Create a Punnett square to show the possibilities that would result if they had children. A. List the possible genotypes and phenotypes for their children. B. What are the chances of a child with light blue skin? C. What are the chances of a child with light green skin?

1. A population of lemmings includes two varieties with regards hair colour: those with green hair and those with red hair. A cross was made between a homozygous, green-haired lemming and a homozygous, red-haired rodent. The resulting F₁ generation all had green hair. a. Which colour allele is the dominant one? How do you know? b. If a lemming from the F₁ generation was crossed with a red-haired lemming, what would be the predicted outcome? Use a genetic cross diagram or Punnet square to explain your answer. C. What ratio of offspring would you expect if lemmings from the F₁ generation were crossed with one another? Explain your answer

2. A dark-eyed man mates with a light-eyed woman and they have ten dark-eyed children. a. What is the dominant allele? b. What is the genotype of all light-eyed people? c. What are the genotypes of the two parents? and d. What is the genotype difference between the dark-eyed parent and the dark-eyed offspring? Parent: Offspring: e. When two heterozygous dark-eyed people (Dd) are crossed, what is the phenotype ratio of dark-eyed offspring to light-eyed offspring? (Use the Punnett Square to get your answer.)

1. Chinchillas are small, furry South American rodents. They were originally brought to the United States from Chile in 1918 and raised for their fur, and have become increasingly popular as cage pets. They come in a variety of colors, but the most common is gray. In chinchillas, gray fur is dominant to violet. If one parent is gray HETEROZYGOUS, and the other is violet, what is the probability in their offspring of: being homozygous dominant? ________% being heterozygous? ________% being homozygous recessive? ________% having violet fur? ________% 2. Trixie, a former cheerleader, just had a child. She isn't sure who the father is. Carrie is blood type A and the baby is type AB. Use your knowledge of genetics to help Trixie, and indicate whether each of the following men COULD be the father. If he could be the father, put down Yes. If not, just say No, which is perhaps what Trixie should have done. #9, the quarterback, who is type A homozygous ______ #10, the…

2. In the following types of matings, the phenotypes of the parents are listed together with the frequencies of phenotypes occurring among their offspring. Indicate the genotype of each parent (you may need to use testcrossesl). Parents Offspring I B:0 을 A: 을B 을 AB : B: A: 0 를 AB : 를 A a. Вx В Ь. Ох АВ Ox AB Bx A d. Bx A C. TV Sex Lin ko

1. In cats, white patches are caused by the dominant allele P, while pp individuals are solid-coloured. Short hair is caused by a dominant allele S, while ss cats have long hair. A long-haired cat with patches whose mother was solid-coloured and short-haired mates with a short-haired, solid-coloured cat whose mother was long-haired and solid-coloured. What kinds of kittens can arise from this mating, and in what proportions? Show your solution. Explain your answers.

1. For a single locus with two alleles, A₁ and A₂: (a) Draw a graph (using graph paper) showing both the frequency of A₁ A2 heterozy- gotes and A₂ A₂ homozygotes, at Hardy-Weinberg frequencies, as functions of p (the frequency of A₁). Note that both p and the genotype frequencies should have values between 0 and 1. (b) Find the value of p above which A₁ A2 genotypes are more common than A₂42 genotypes. You can solve this algebraically, or estimate it from your graphs. 2. Consider three loci, A, B, and C, each with two alleles, with the frequencies of A₁, B₁, and C₁ all being We look at a population and find that there are four distinct haplotypes, shown here, each with a frequency of: A₁ B1 TT A1 C₁ B1 A₂ B₂ AT C₂ A₂ B₂ C₁ C₂ Of the three pairs of loci (AB, AC, and BC) which pair(s) are in Gametic Equilibrium (D = 0) and which are in Gametic Disequilibrium (D ‡0)? [Hint: Consider each pair separately, ignoring the other locus. For example: for the BC pair, consider the four…

1. Consider a locus having two alleles Aj and A2, If the homozygote A1A1 and the heterozygote A1A2 have the same fitness of 1, and the homozygote A2A2 has a fitness s+1, then phenomenon is called complete dominance. What will be the change in the frequency of allele A2 per generation ?