### Instructions**Objective:** Write a program to validate and extract a substring from a given string based on user input indices.**Given:**- A string `s`- Two integers `first` and `last`**Task:** Your task is to repeatedly validate that `first` is less than `last` and that both `first` and `last` are valid indices within the string `s`. Once validated, print all characters of the string `s` from index `first` to `last` inclusive.### Example Outputs**Example Output 1:**- Input: `Queensborough 2 5`- Output: `eens`**Example Output 2:**1. Input: `Science 2 10`2. Input: `Science -1 5`3. Input: `Science 2 4` - Output: `ien`### Explanation:- **Example Output 1:** The substring from index 2 to 5 in `Queensborough` is `eens`.- **Example Output 2:** The first two inputs are invalid due to out-of-range indices, so the program will prompt for valid indices until it receives `2` and `4`, resulting in the substring `ien` from `Science`.### Implementation Tips:1. **Validation:** Ensure that `first` and `last` are within the bounds of the string's index.2. **Loop:** Use a loop to continually prompt for valid indices if the current input is invalid.3. **Substring Extraction:** Once validated, use the indices to extract the desired portion of the string. This interactive approach helps to understand string indexing and boundary validation within programming, which is essential for beginners learning to handle strings and user input effectively.

Given: To write a C++ Code.Explanation: Algorithm: First take input as string and two indexes Then check whether indexes are valid or not. Then use substr() function to print the substring.Answer: C++ Code: #include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){ string s; int first,last; cout<<"Enter a string and two indexes: "; cin>>s>>first>>last; if(first>last||last>s.size()-1||first<0||last<0) { cout<<"Invalid indexes"; return 0; } cout<<s.substr(first, last+1); return 0;}Code Snippet:Output with Code:

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Given: string s; int first, last; Write code to repeatedly validate that first is less than last and both first and last are valid indexes of the string s. Then print all characters of the string s from index first to last inclusive. Example Output 1 Enter a string and two indexes: Queensborough 2 5 eens Example Output 2 Enter a string and two indexes: Science 2 10 Enter a string and two indexes: Science -15 Enter a string and two indexes: Science 2 4 ien

Given: string s; int first, last; Write code to repeatedly validate that first is less than last and both first and last are valid indexes of the string s. Then print all characters of the string s from index first to last inclusive. Example Output 1 Enter a string and two indexes: Queensborough 2 5 eens Example Output 2 Enter a string and two indexes: Science 2 10 Enter a string and two indexes: Science -15 Enter a string and two indexes: Science 2 4 ien

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Question

### Instructions

**Objective:** Write a program to validate and extract a substring from a given string based on user input indices.

**Given:**
- A string `s`
- Two integers `first` and `last`

**Task:**
Your task is to repeatedly validate that `first` is less than `last` and that both `first` and `last` are valid indices within the string `s`. Once validated, print all characters of the string `s` from index `first` to `last` inclusive.

### Example Outputs

**Example Output 1:**
- Input: `Queensborough 2 5`
- Output: `eens`

**Example Output 2:**
1. Input: `Science 2 10`
2. Input: `Science -1 5`
3. Input: `Science 2 4`
- Output: `ien`

### Explanation:
- **Example Output 1:** The substring from index 2 to 5 in `Queensborough` is `eens`.
- **Example Output 2:** The first two inputs are invalid due to out-of-range indices, so the program will prompt for valid indices until it receives `2` and `4`, resulting in the substring `ien` from `Science`.

### Implementation Tips:
1. **Validation:** Ensure that `first` and `last` are within the bounds of the string's index.
2. **Loop:** Use a loop to continually prompt for valid indices if the current input is invalid.
3. **Substring Extraction:** Once validated, use the indices to extract the desired portion of the string.

This interactive approach helps to understand string indexing and boundary validation within programming, which is essential for beginners learning to handle strings and user input effectively.

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