Familial hypercholesterolemia is a disorder caused by a defect in the LDL receptors on the plasma membrane. What would be the consequence of this defect on the cell? The cell would increase production and exportation of HDL to remove LDL from the bloodstream. Additional LDL receptors without the defect would be formed and added to the plasma membrane. Increased fluidity of the plasma membrane would allow more water-soluble molecules to pass into the cell. The cell would produce greater amounts of ATP so that LDL could enter the cell through active transport instead of receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Q: Familial hypercholesterolemia is characterized by extremely high levels of cholesterol in the blood,…

A: Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. It causes an increased amount of…

Q: Which of the following is an example of peripheral membrane protein?a) Insulin receptorb)…

A: Peripheral membrane proteins are membrane proteins that get adhered temporarily to the biological…

Q: Proteases are enzymes that destroy proteins. Application of these enzymes to an intact cell strips…

A: Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a…

Q: What function do the cysteines serve in the structure of an opioid receptor? (think protein…

A: For instance, consider the general mechanism of binding of a ligand molecule to the receptor site.…

Q: This pertains to membrane transport and cell signaling. Give an example in animals and in plants…

A: Cell signaling is a process in which cells communicate with each other within the body. There are…

Q: Which of the following is NOT in common between GPCRS and RTKS? Both receptors are activated upon…

A: In the cell plasma membrane, several receptors are present, which help to transfer the extracellular…

Q: Intracellular signaling can cause rapid changes to the structure of the actin cytoskeleton but is…

A: Cell signalling is the process by which complex biochemical and metabolic processes are conducted…

Q: Which of the following is not a potential biological role of the lipid asymmetry of the plasma…

A: The plasma membrane is also known by the name cell membrane. This membrane is found in all the major…

Q: which condition a trimeric G protein is activated by a cell-surface receptor, a. the a subunit…

A: The answer to this question is given below,

Q: All cells of a multicellular organism may not respond in the same wayto a particular ligand…

A: Signal transduction also known as cell signaling is a pathway which involves the transmission of…

Q: Which of the following utilizes receptors that are located in the cytosol? Steroid Hormone…

A: Cell signaling is part of any interactive activity that directs the basic activities of cells and…

Q: G protein–linked receptors (a) inactivate G proteins (b) activate first messengers (c) consist of 18…

A: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life of all living organisms capable of…

Q: Fatty acids must associate with lipid chaperones in order to move within the cell. Why are these…

A: Fatty acids must associate with lipid chaperones in order to move within the cell because Fatty…

Q: Non-canonical Hedgehog signaling results in actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, leading to cell…

A: Hedgehog is a protein present on the cell membrane which helps in the changing the cell movement and…

Q: Which of the following functions is NOT or cannot be performed by lipids?     They can bind to DNA…

A: Lipids are a macro biomolecules made of fatty acid monomers, naturally occurring organic compounds…

Q: The structure of a plant cell wall needs to loosen to accommodate cell growth. What signaling…

A: Cell wall in plants are made up of cellulose, a structural polysaccharide with the monomer glucose.…

Q: choose one:   a. Steroids are hormones processed by their target cells at the plasma membrane b.…

A: The chemical messengers that are synthesized in one tissue and passed to one or other tissues…

Q: In 5-7 sentences. Provide a narrative overview of the function of the receptor including: The…

A: When an extracellular signal comes in contact with the specific receptor, the binding of…

Q: Lipid-soluble signaling molecules, such as aldosterone, cross the membranes of all cells but affect…

A: Signaling molecules are biochemical molecules that are responsible for transmitting signals between…

Q: Which of the following proteins does not play an integral role in the membrane of eukaryotic cells?…

A: Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus and organelles and are enclosed by a plasma…

Q: reate a diagram which illustrates the typical signaling mechanism of action of g protein coupled…

A: Cell Signaling -- Cell signaling is a process or communication ability of a cell to receive ,…

Q: In the regulation of enzyme activity by phosphorylation (as discussed in class), the introduction of…

A: Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions that occurs in the…

Q: Microtubules are important for transporting cargo in nerve cell axons, as diagrammed in Figure Q17-…

A: Introduction  The cytoskeleton mostly consists of microtubules. They are present in every eukaryotic…

Q: An individual contracts an infection and this results in the production of soluble proteins that act…

A: Small protiens that play an important role in cell signalling, are grouped under a varied and loose…

Q: when a chemical messenger (or ligand) reaches a target cell, it binds to a receptor.  A hydrophobic…

A: Cell signalling is the process which leads to changes in the metabolism of a cell.

Q: Which statement are true? Constitutive secretion is the default pathway, primarily used to restore…

A: In eukaryotes, secretory pathway are used to send lipids and proteins to the plasma membrane. There…

Q: When the protein integrin (a transmembrane protein in human fibroblasts) is held in place, by…

A: Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors that are potential therapeutic targets for a…

Q: How does a compound that inhibits the GTPase activity of G-alpha affect liver cell responses to…

A: The G alpha helps in the breakdown of the glycogen breakdown rapidly, however it could be stopped…

Q: Draw a diagram of a membrane receptor and include the following details. Include a depiction of the…

A: The cell membrane is quasi fluid, elastic, pliable, and thin partitions over and inside the…

Q: When LDL (low density lipoprotein) is taken up by cells during pinocytosis, which of the following…

A: Endocytosis is a process of taking particles or substance into the cell by pinching the membranes of…

Q: By what mechanisms are GLUT transporters added to the membrane of insulin-dependent cells after…

A: A gland situated in the back of the stomach known as the pancreas secretes a very special hormone…

Q: When blood sugar levels are low, alpha cells of the pancreas release glucagon, a peptide hormone…

A: Glucagon is a peptide hormone , produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. It counteracts the actions…

Q: The receptors for lipid-soluble signaling molecule, such as steroid hormones, are located: A) in…

A: Ans -A.   In the nucleus of the target cell

Q: Most mammalian cells have a single immobile cilium called the primary cilium, in which…

A: Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is the process by which proteins are transported into cilia. It…

Q: A

A: Introduction :- The ability of cells to communicate through chemical signals originated in single…

Q: Proteins that are trafficked through the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells are never exposed…

A: Option A is wrong because cells that specialize in protein secretion has cytoplasm.

Q: The G-proteins associated with GPCRS are made up of three subunits. In order to become active they…

A: G protein ha three subunit-  Alpha  Beta  Gamma

Q: Which statement is not true about G proteins?     A. They are integral membrane proteins.   B.…

A: G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as…

Q: Histamine acts by binding to specialized membrane proteins called histamine H 1 receptors. These…

A:

Q: Mutations in the signalling pathways depicted above have been associated with an increased incidence…

A: Cancer is a disease which is caused by the uncontrolled growth of the cells, without regulation of…

Q: AAA is a protein found in both the cytosol as well as the nucleus. In this active state, it helps to…

A: According to question it is given a protein AAA, that helps in controlling the transport of…

Q: Lipid rafts are microdomains in the plasma membrane that function as a stable platform for signaling…

A: Lipid rafts are small dynamic assemblies of proteins and lipids that float freely within the bilayer…

Q: Which of the following is most likely an example of signaling through a transmembrane receptor?

A: Transmembrane signalling processes involve the recognition and binding of an extracellular signal by…

Q: Pancreatic beta cells secrete the protein hormone insulin in response to various signals. Which of…

A: Pancreas has dual function. It secretes digestive enzymes as well as hormones.

Q: Receptors often activate signaling molecules that are __________. This property helps to increase…

A: A cell receptor is a protein to which substances like chemicals, medications, and antigens can tie.…

Q: When a trimeric G protein is activated by a cell-surface receptor: the a subunit exchanges its bound…

A: The correct option is A the alpha subunit exchanges its bound GDP for GTP. G proteins are molecular…

Q: A researcher tested Compound A on chemotaxing cells and measured the relative amount of filamentous…

A: Filamentous actin is a part of the cytoskeleton of the cells.  F-actin is involved in the process of…

Q: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disease characterized by high blood levels of…

A: The FH , familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder.

Q: Once an activated signaling pathway has elicited the proper changes in target gene expression, the…

A: In biological systems, the type of regulation in which the final product results in the decline of…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.