Explain the observed change in beak characteristics using the following concepts in your answer: competition, survival of the fittest, inheritance.

Now consider the illustration above that shows data on how often white fronted bee eater birds will feed the offspring of other birds as a function of the relatedness to those birds. 100 80 Merops bullockoides Unrelated Cousin (0%) (-12%) Half sib (25%) Full sib (50%) Relationship to nestlings Do these data support the conclusion that altruistic behavior, specifically kin selection, is occurring here? Specifically do the data satisfy Hamilton's rule for altruistic behavior and what specifically in the data would represent the terms C and r in Hamilton's equation? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt v Paragraph V BI V T² V Underline Percentage of individuals that help 60 40- 20 0

Imagine there's a population of Cichlid fish living in a lake in East Africa. Some of the fish have a genetic predisposition to feed from the deeper parts of the lake and also enjoy breeding down there, while the other fish have a genetic predisposition to feed near the surface and enjoy breeding up there. Eventually, individuals from the upper parts of the lake stop breeding with individuals from the bottom because their hybrid offspring have poor fitness (and can't competitively feed at the top or bottom of the lake). These two sub-populations will likely experience and possibly evolve into two species. Genetic Drift Post-zygotic Isolation Directional Selection O Disruptive Selection

You are working on an undergraduate project, studying an insect species. A recent study showed that the pigmentation pattern used for camouflage is made by an enzyme K. However, it has been shown that, when compared to the Kk individuals, the KK homozygotes would have a higher chance of dying from pigment overdose before growing up, while the kk individuals can easily fall to predation before becoming adults. In fact, when compared to the Kk individuals, the estimated selection coefficients for KK and kk are 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. You are interested in what would happen to these alleles. At present, you have conducted a population survey and have 1000 larvae in your collection. Among them, 360 are KK, 480 Kkand 160 kk. 1)How many larvae would survive to adulthood a) 170   b) 414  c)583  d)750  e)830 2)Following up the previous question, what would be the KK genotype frequency at the adult? a) 0.090  b) 0.270  c) 0.325  d) 0.360 e) 0.529 3)Following up on the previous question,…

Assume you are studying a species of slug where the eggs are fertilized and transferred to the male. As a result the male is not able to increase reproductive success by mating with multiple partners. Therefore which of the following about sexual selection in this species is not true?      Females are more likely to develop traits that signal genetic quality to males.      Females will be able to increase reproductive success with increased mating partners.      Sexual selection in males will lead them to be choosy with what females they mate with.      Sexual selection in males will lead them to mate indiscriminately when they find a female.

Suppose a species of butterfly split into two species by a vicariance event. Are the male or female offspring likely to show reduced fitness (i.e., sterility or inviability) if the two species come back into contact in the future? Explain why one or the other would show reduced fitness.