Explain complete and incomplete penetrance and give an example

Q: Explain how analysis of fetal DNA in the maternal circulation can provide information about a…

A: A trisomy is a chromosomal condition characterised by an additional chromosome.A person with a…

Q: Express the following dosage as a ratio.

A: Answer. We need to express doses in ratio.    Given data :--- 1 capsule = 450 mg.    500 mg in each…

Q: Distinguish between penetrance and expressivity.

A: Gregor Mendel is known as the Father of genetics and he discovered that traits/ characters are…

Q: Describe how traits can exhibit incomplete penetrance and vary in their expressivity.

A: Some features are the product of the interplay of different genes and can also be impacted by their…

Q: Explain how it is possible for a person with a translocationor an inversion to be phenotypically…

A: Chromosomes are the condensed packaged structure of the genetic material of an organism. The…

Q: Explain the two major mechanisms by whichchromosomal rearrangements take place.

A: The breaking and reassembling of chromosomal segments accompanying evolution that can occur within…

Q: Explain the difference between variable penetrance and variable expressivity.

A: Penetrance alludes to the likelihood of a quality or attribute being communicated. Sometimes,…

Q: Define about Mendel’s Dihybrid Cross Generated a Unique F2 Ratio ?

A: Mendel after studying the pea plant genetics comes to few conclusions which he summarised into 3…

Q: Describe some syndromes that result from chromosomal nondisjunction?

A: Nondisjunction of chromosome: - During cell division, it is the failure of separation of homologous…

Q: explain partial tetrasomy 14

A: Tetrasomy is defined as a condition of aneuploidy, in which there are four copies of a particular…

Q: Explain how nondisjunction can cause monosomy andtrisomy aneuploidy.

A: Failure of separation of Chromosome during nuclear division causes non disjunction

Q: Describe the features of genes with five (5) statements

A: The term gene was coined by Wilhelm johannsen who banish botanist.Gene is word come from the Greek…

Q: Explain the phenomenon of pleiotropy.

A: Genetics is a branch of biology that deals with genes, heredity, and variation. Heredity purely…

Q: Explain the features of Y-chromosome profiles ?

A: Introduction  Chromosomes are classified into two types: Autosomes and Allosomes/Sex chromosomes.…

Q: Differentiate between pleiotropy and epistasis.

A: A gene is that sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait, it may or may not be influenced by…

Q: explain the Phenotypic effects of duplications

A: Duplication of chromosome refers to an addition of an extra chromosomal arm attached to a…

Q: Explain the Pedigree Analysis and Genetic Disorders ?

A: Genetics is a part of science worried about the investigation of genes, genetic variety, and…

Q: Explain the mechanism of maternal effect inheritance at the molecular and cellular level.

A: The maternal effects are the conditions in which the phenotypic constitution of an individual is…

Q: Explain the consequences of a translocation or an inversion.

A: Translocation: In this, a part of the chromosome is broken and may be joined with non homologous…

Q: Describe at least two types of prenatal testing that are used to diagnose chromosomal abnormalities…

A: Invasive prenatal tests are mainly used to detect various chromosomal abnormalities in foetus.  Two…

Q: Explain single locus inheritance and give example

A: Genetic inheritance: This mainly takes place because of the transfer of genetic material from…

Q: Briefly discuss Mendelian Inheritance with that of crossing-over.

A: The Mendelian genetics gives us idea about the inheritance of genetic materials from the parents to…

Q: Explain the Syndromes from AbnormalChromosome Numbers ?

A: Chromosomes are thread-like structures present inside the nucleus of the cell. They are made up of…

Q: Discuss the concept of multifactorial inheritance, and include two examples.

A: Multifactorial inheritance involves the influence of both multiple genes and multiple environmental…

Q: Explain how triplets are created naturally (without medical intervention during prenatal…

A: Sexual reproduction is the specialized process in which two distinct individuals participate and…

Q: ne trisomy 21.

A: Gene alterations in an organism have profound effects on both cellular and physiological levels.…

Q: explain Mosaic trisomy 18

A: Trisomy is a kind of aneuploidy that means an abnormal number of chromosomes. The cells of sexually…

Q: Explain the underlying molecular mechanisms of incompletedominance, overdominance, and codominance.

A: Mendelian inheritance is inheritance pattern that are characteristic of organisms that sexually…

Q: Explain about double fertilisation.

A: Nawaschin was the first to show that both male and female gametes are involved in fertilisation in…

Q: (b) Individuals A and B have both male and female children. Draw a genetic diagram to show how they…

A: Genetic cross between male and female.

Q: Explain Penetrance and expressivity?

A: Genotype- It is the set of genes that we have inherited from our parents and will pass on these…

Q: Define chromosomal interference?

A: Chromosomes are the thread-like structures that appear only during cell division.

Q: What are The effects of random events on penetrance and expressivity?

A: Genotype- It is the set of genes that we have inherited from our parents and will pass on these…

Q: Explain the term double fertilisation.

A: A flower is the reproductive part of the modified thick shoot of an angiosperm plant. In order to…

Q: What some ways that incomplete penetrance can occur? Give at least two possible ways on why it…

A: Penetrance refers to the proportion of people with a particular genetic change (such as a mutation…

Q: Compare epistasis and pleiotropy

A: Introduction  Genes are the key component of genetic material that controls almost all cellular…

Q: explain Phenotypic consequences of deletion

A: Chromosomal aberrations are changes in the number and arrangement of genes in the chromosomes. They…

Q: Explain maternal-effect mutations?

A: Mutation means sudden changes occur in DNA sequences. The mutation occurs randomly. It also occurs…

Q: Explain the term out-crossing.

A: There are two types of breeding namely, a) In-breeding b) out-breeding The out-breeding further…

Q: Indicate how D-value and z-value differ.

A: Introduction A microbe, or microorganism, is a microscopic organism. It may occur as a single-celled…

Q: The karyotypes shown here depict chromosomal abnormalities. Name the syndromes and if they are male…

A: "Genes" are the fundamental unit of heredity. They store genetic information in the form of DNA,…

Q: Indicate and explain at least three examples of abnormalities in genes and chromosomes

A: Three of the various abnormalities associated with genes and chromosomes encompass Schizophrenia,…

Q: Explain the term pleiotropy.

A: Genes are the basic structural and functional unit of heredity. They carry coded genetic information…

Q: identify two main themes underlying the phenomena of chromosomal changes?

A: Chromosome is a compact structure of a DNA molecule wrapped around some proteins. It is generally…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.