example : A -(A A B) :=
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- Three persons P1, P2, and P3 were invited by their friend F to make some smørbrød (sandwich made of bread, eggs, and tomato) together. To make a portion of smørbrød, three ingredients are needed: a slice of bread, a slice of tomato, and a slice of an egg. Each of these persons P1, P2, P3 has only one type of each of the ingredients: person P1 has slices of bread person P2 has slices of tomato; person P3 has slices of egg. We assume that persons P1, P2, and P3 each has an unlimited supply of these ingredients (i.e., slices of bread, slices of tomato, slices of egg), respectively. Their friend F, who invited them, also has an unlimited supply of all the ingredients. Here is what happens: the host F puts two random ingredients on the table. Then the invited person who has the third ingredient picks up these other two ingredients, and makes the smørbrød (i.e., takes a slice of bread, puts on it a slice of tomato, and puts on top a slice of egg), and then eats the smørbrød. The host of…PLEASE ANSWER THEM. JUST GIVE THE OPTIONS! 1- Choose all of the following which is true about confidence of association rules Select one or more: a. Confidence is used to quantify strength of a rule b. Confidence is defined as confidence(A -> B) = P(BIA), = P(A) + P(B) c. Contidence is detined as the probabilitv that B occurs when A occurs d. Contidence is defined as the probability that either A or B occurs e. It is a common practice to favor rules whose confidence is above a threshold value 2- Choose all of the following which is true about the "lift" of association rules Select one or more: a. Lift is an indicator of the strength of an association rule b. Lift is only used to filter unimportant events c lift and support can be used as alternative measures for the same purnose d. Lift and confidence can be used as alternative measures for the same purDose e. Lift is the probability of A and B occurring together divided by their joint probability if they were they were…A robot moves into rooms R1 and R2 and switch the bulbs B1 and B2 on/off. The following are the action schema:1. goto(r, x1, x2) : robot r go to x2 from x12. switchON(s): switchON the bulb s3. switchOFF(s): switchOFF the bulb s 1. Write down preconditions and effects of the above actions. 2. Consider the following: (i) Initial state: < R1;R2;B1;B2 >: Robot is at Room R1 not in Room R2 and both bulbs are off.(ii) Goal state: < R2;B1;B2 >: Robot is at Room R2 and both bulbs are ON.Draw state space diagram for the above by drawing to all possible states.
- Given the declarations:m,n, s: ℤa: Authorcurrent: ℙ Accoutsnovelists: ℙ AuthorSay what the type is of each of the following terms:(a) m+n(b) {s, n} (c) {{n},{s}} (d) {current} (e) novelists ∪ {a}(f) {{a}} ∪ {novelists}Given the following defifinitions: S: the domain of all CPSC 121 students. G: the domain of all graded CPSC 121 activities. A(x, y): student x earns an “A” grade on activity y B(x): student x receives a colourful balloon (from the CPSC 121 teaching team). Now consider the predicate logic statements: Statement 01: ∀x ∈ S, ∀g ∈ G, A(x, g) ↔ B(x) Statement 02: ∀x ∈ S,(∀g ∈ G, A(x, g)) ↔B(x) Statement 03: ∀x ∈ S,(∀g ∈ G,(∀y ∈ S, A(y, g))) ↔ B(x) Describe how these statements diffffer, in terms of who receives a balloon and under what conditions.Are the functions one to one or onto only? I. f : N → Z : x ↔ x II. f : N → N : x ↔ x III. f : Z → N ∪ {0} : x ↔ |x|
- Pick a game that you know and create an initial design of an evaluation function for that game (in English). For example, the Tic-Tac-Toe function in Russell and Norvig (2021) weighs rows, columns, and diagonals with multiple X's or O's by three for unblocked rows. Single marked rows only count as one and the value of the O player is subtracted from the X player's scoreH1. Compute the value of an European Call option at time 0 for the following parameters: strike, K = 120, maturity 1 year, σ = 0.15, S0 = 120 and interest rate, r = 0.02: (a) by implementing, using Python, R, C++ or Matlab, a binomial model where n = 100, 1000, or 10000. For each value of n compute the error (difference between option value obtained using the B-S model and the one from the binomial model). Compute ∆0.Q3/A/ Check the system: Properties Linear or non-Linear System Causal or non-Causal Y(t) = X(t-1) + X(t+1) Y(t) = X(2 +4t+ a) Stable or unstable
- f) Use contrasts (implemented using a statistical package) among the following g) treatments to compare them: • Water without additive X vs. Labrasol with additive X • Water without additive X vs. Labrasol with additive X and Labrafac with additive X.In the context of evolutionary computing the goal function is known as the fitnessfunction and the problem is to maximize it. The typical formulation has to be changedin a simple way.min f (x) = − max[− f (x)] (4.9)Another requirement is that the goal function is positive.Phenotype evolution treats x as a phenotype and the goal function as the fitnessfunction. The typical framework for the method is as follows:A police academy has just brought in a batch of new recruits. All recruits are given an aptitude test and a fitness test. Suppose a researcher wants to know if there is a significant difference in aptitude scores based on a recruits’ fitness level. Recruits are ranked on a scale of 1 – 3 for fitness (1 = lowest fitness category, 3 = highest fitness category). Using “ApScore” as your dependent variable and “FitGroup” as your independent variable, conduct a One-Way, Between Subjects, ANOVA, at α = 0.05, to see if there is a significant difference on the aptitude test between fitness groups. Identify the correct values for dfbetween and dfwithin A. dfbetween = 7 dfwithin = 7 B. dfbetween = 13 dfwithin = 2 C. dfbetween = 2 dfwithin = 13 D. dfbetween = 2 dfwithin = 2