Dynamic instability causes microtubules to either grow or shrink. Consider a microtubule that is in its shrinking phase. What must happen at the end of the microtubule in order for it to stop shrinking and to start growing again?

Dynamic instability is a term that can be applied to which mature cytoskeletal polymer? Neither microfilaments nor intermediate filaments Microfilaments only Both microfilamers and intermediate filaments Intermediate filaments only

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Recall the experimental techniques used to study microtubules and intermediate filaments.

what processes are most likelyoccurring during lag phase, growth phase (i.e., nucleation, elongation) • Describe nucleation

You are studying the rate of actin polymerization and depolymerization in an in-vitro hypothetical system. The G actin concentration in the solution of the experimental setup is 0.3μm. Based on the data values predict the outcome of the experiment. Please note that X or Y ends can be "any end" of the actin filament. -1 X end actin: Association rate: 10 µmS-¹ ; Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹ Y end actin: Association rate: 5 µmS-¹ ; Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹ O The X end of the actin filament will grow. O Neither X or Y end of the filament will grow. O The Y end of the actin filament will grow. O There is not sufficient data to predict the

Metaphase- Mitosis a) Chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell. b) One spindle fiber of the very conspicuous spindle system attaches to the centromere of each chromosome.

Identify the cytoskeletal element being described in each statement below.  Note, possible answers include: Microtubules only Microfilaments only Intermediate filaments only Microtubules AND microfilaments All 3

Why does catastrophe (the rate at which growing microtubules switch to a Contracting State) cause a decrease in the number and length of microtubules?

In a dividing cell, the duplicated sets of chromosomes move along microtubules to opposite ends of the cell. How would you use an inhibitor to show that microtubules are essential for chromosome separation?  What control treatment(s) would you use? What kind of cell junctions would you expect to find, and why, in a small animal where a chemical signal passes rapidly through cells to go from the head to the tail?