You are studying the rate of actinpolymerization and depolymerization inan in-vitro hypothetical system. The Gactin concentration in the solution ofthe experimental setup is 0.3μm. Basedon the data values predict the outcomeof the experiment.Please note that X or Y ends can be"any end" of the actin filament.-1X end actin: Association rate: 10 µmS-¹; Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹Y end actin: Association rate: 5 µmS-¹ ;Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹O The X end of the actin filament willgrow.O Neither X or Y end of the filament willgrow.O The Y end of the actin filament will grow.O There is not sufficient data to predict the

Actin monomers are the basic building blocks of actin filaments, which are one of the three major…

You are studying the rate of actin polymerization and depolymerization in an in-vitro hypothetical system. The G actin concentration in the solution of the experimental setup is 0.3µm. Based on the data values predict the outcome of the experiment. Please note that X or Y ends can be "any end" of the actin filament. X end actin: Association rate: 10 µmS-¹ ; Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹ Y end actin: Association rate: 5 µmS-¹; Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹ O The X end of the actin filament will grow. O Neither X or Y end of the filament will grow. O The Y end of the actin filament will grow. There is not sufficient data to predict the

You are studying the rate of actin polymerization and depolymerization in an in-vitro hypothetical system. The G actin concentration in the solution of the experimental setup is 0.3µm. Based on the data values predict the outcome of the experiment. Please note that X or Y ends can be "any end" of the actin filament. X end actin: Association rate: 10 µmS-¹ ; Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹ Y end actin: Association rate: 5 µmS-¹; Dissociation rate: 2.5 µmS-¹ O The X end of the actin filament will grow. O Neither X or Y end of the filament will grow. O The Y end of the actin filament will grow. There is not sufficient data to predict the

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter8: Muscle Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2TAHL

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Similar questions

The concentration of actin in cells is 50–100 timesgreater than the critical concentration observed for pureactin in a test tube. How is this possible? What prevents theactin subunits in cells from polymerizing into filaments?Why is it advantageous to the cell to maintain such a largepool of actin subunits?
The Paramecium, is large enough to allow the insertion of a microelectrode, thus permitting the measurement of the electrical potential between the inside of the cell and the surrounding medium (the membrane potential). The measured membrane potential is -35mV in a living cell. What would happen if you added valinomycin to the surrounding medium which contains sodium and potassium ions? Valinomycin will ( Select ) which will result in the membrane potential [ Select ]
Why is the proportion of actin within filaments in cells smaller than would be predicted by in vitro experiments?
If the graph represents one actin filament, and line A represents dynamic activity at the plus end and line B represents dynamic activity at the minus end, which of the following must be true? Group of answer choices Formin proteins have been removed. Treadmilling is occurring at 1000 mM. CapZ proteins are not present. Nucleation is occurring at 100 mM.
What is meant by the term "Critical concentration" with respect to actin filaments?
You are studying actin polymerization in the lab. You have Tube 1 with cell extract and ATP, and Tube 2 with cell extract and non- hydrolyzable ATP. Assuming both ATP and non-hydrolyzable ATP bind actin monomers with similar affinities, which of the following would observe in the two tubes? Select all that apply The average length of an actin filament in Tube 1 is longer than the average length of an actin filament in Tube 2 The average length of an actin filament in Tube 2 is longer than the average length of an actin filament in Tube 1 Polymerization of actin filaments is inhibited in presence of non-hydrolyzable АТР Depolymerization of actin filaments is inhibited in presence of non-hydrolyzable АТР
The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, pumps 2 mol Ca2+ out of sarcomeres per mol ATP hydrolyzed. Given the following steady-state concentrations and a membrane potential of 67 mV (inside negative), calculate ΔG for the following active transport process at 37 ∘C and pH=7.4:2Ca2+(in)+ATP+H2O→2Ca2+(out)+ADP+Pi+H+
The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, pumps 2 mol Ca2+ out of sarcomeres per mol ATP hydrolyzed.(a) Given the following steady-state concentrations and a membrane potential of 65 mV (inside negative), calculate ΔG for the following activetransport process at 37 °C and pH = 7.4:2Ca2+(in) + ATP + H2O → 2Ca2+(out) + ADP + Pi + H+ATP = 2.6 mM, ADP = 210 μM, Pi = 5.1 mM, Ca2+(in) = 32 mM,Ca2+(out) = 2.2 mM(b) In active muscle the pH can drop below 7.4. Is the reaction above moreor less favorable under these conditions?(c) The activity of the Ca2+-ATPase is regulated reversibly under normalconditions to maintain homeostatic concentrations of Ca2+ inside thesarcomere. However, in a rare genetic disorder, irreversible activation ofthe Ca2+ -ATPase can occur. Assuming 37 °C, pH = 7.4, and the steadystate concentrations for ATP, ADP Pi, and Ca2 +(out) given in part (a),calculate the minimum [Ca2 +] inside a sarcomere that has irreversibly activated Ca2 +-ATPase (i.e., the Ca2 +-ATPase…
The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, pumps 2 mol Ca2+ out of sarcomeres per mol ATP hydrolyzed. Part A: Given the following steady-state concentrations and a membrane potential of 64 mV (inside negative), calculate ΔG for the following active transport process at 37 ∘C and pH=7.4: 2Ca2+(in)+ATP+H2O→2Ca2+(out)+ADP+Pi+H+ ATP=2.8mM,ADP=206μM,Pi=5.4mM,Ca2+(in)=34μM,Ca2+(out)=2.2mM The answer to part A was -7.4 kJ/mol I need help with Part B: Part B: The activity of the Ca2+-ATPase is regulated reversibly under normal conditions to maintain homeostatic concentrations of Ca2+ inside the sarcomere. However, in a rare genetic disorder, irreversible activation of the Ca2+-ATPase can occur. Assuming 37 ∘C, pH=7.4, and the steady-state concentrations for ATP, ADP Pi, and Ca2+(out) given in part (a) calculate the minimum [Ca2+] inside a sarcomere that has irreversibly activated Ca2+-ATPase (i.e., the Ca2+-ATPase activity is always “on”).
An investigator is studying the electrophysical properties of gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells using microelectrodes. He measures the resting membrane potential of a cell to be -70 mV. The equilibrium potentials of different ions involved in generating the membrane potential are shown. ENa Ek Eca EM² Ecr +65 mV -85 mV +120 mV +10 mV -85 mV Which of the following is the most important contributor to the difference between the resting membrane potential and the equilibrium potential of potassium?
Actin filaments, microtubules, and bacterial flagella are all built from small subunits. Describe three advantages of assembling long filamentous structures from subunits rather than from single, long proteins.
Neurofilament proteins assemble into long, intermediate filaments , found in abundance running along the length of nerve cell axons. The C-terminal region of these proteins is an unstructured polypeptide, hundreds of amino acids long and heavily modified by the addition of phosphate groups. The term “polymer brush” has been applied to this part of the neurofilament. can you suggest why?