Draw a diagram depicting the processes of electron transport and chemiosmosis in the mitochondrion. Label inner membrane, intermembrane space, matrix, electron transport complexes I through IV, and ATP synthase. Use arrows to show the movement of H + ions into and out of the intermembrane space. Show where electrons from both NADH and FADH2 are introduced into the electron transport chain, the reduction of free oxygen to form water, and the synthesis of ATP

The four complexes of the electron transport chain use the energy of electrons stored in reducing agents to create a concentration gradient of protons (H*) across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Give the number of protons pumped into the intermembrane space by each of the four complexes: complex I: complex II: complex III: complex IV:

Use drawings, flow charts, or a table to compare and contrast the energy inputs and outputs during each phase of aerobic respiration vs. fermentation.  Be sure to directly discuss inputs and outputs of BOTH processes. Include all phosphorylated compounds and high-energy electron carriers, and briefly EXPLAIN HOW these are produced at each stage of respiration. WHERE does each stage happen? Explain HOW energy from high energy electron carriers is converted to ATP during respiration in mitochondria or aerobic bacteria.

ATP synthesis in mitochondria requires all of the following EXCEPT (select two answers) a hydrogen ion concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane the oxidation of dinucleotide molecules that act as electron carriers fermentation of pyruvate into lactate to regenerate NAD+ the reduction O2, forming H2O the breakdown of glucose

explain why the statement is correct. Within the eukaryotic cell, most of the energy stored in ATP is produced through the: mitochondrion completing the oxidation of pyruvate (3 carbon chains)

(c) Compare the differences between oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation by redrawing (if necessary) and completing the table given below: Table 1: Comparison of oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation Photophosphorylation Organelle Source of electrons Final electron acceptor Source of energy Role of ATP

Match each item with the correct statement below concerning the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.  You can choose a selection more than once.   Question 61 options:   Where do protons re-enter the mitochondrial matrix?   What molecule is transported by facilitated diffusion?   What are the electron donor molecules at the beginning of the chain?   In what order are the components of the chain arranged?   Where do electrons, protons, and oxygen meet to become water?   What is the first protein complex of the chain?           What moves into the intermembrane space?   What accepts the electrons at the end of the chain?   1. increasing electronegativity 2. decreasing electronegativity 3. ATP 4. oxygen 5. protons 6. NADH/FADH2 7. NADH dehydrogenase

Consider the structures and functions of mitochondria and chloroplasts.  For each of the statements below, identify which part(s) of the chloroplast or mitochondrion (identified by letters in the figure below) are described. Some answers may include more than 1 letter.  In those cases, separate the letters by a single space (eg. c g)     Electron transport chains are located in ------ Photosystem I and II are located in ------- Ubiquinone is located in ------- NADPH is produced in ------ Pyruvate oxidation takes place in ------ ATP is produced in ------ NAD+ is produced in ----- High H+ concentration is produced in ----- O2 is produced in ----- RuBP is produced in ------

With arrows, sketch the transfer of energy that occurs during the electron transport phase of cellular respiration. This is not the same as electron transfer. Where is the energy found at the beginning of the ETC, it is transferred into what form of energy, which is then finally converted into what form of energy?

Assume there is no cyanide poisoning. What would happen if the inner mitochondrial membrane was permeabilized to the point where it no longer served as a barrier, affecting the proton gradient and ATP synthesis?