Do freshmen spend significantly more time on social media than other class ranks? A recent study investigated the amount of time per day freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors spent on social media while doing schoolwork. The students surveyed were U.S. residents from a 4-year, public, primarily residential institution. The accompanying computer output shows the mean time each cohort spent on social media and an ANOVA table. Construct a 95% confidence interval to compare the population mean time spent per day on social media between freshmen and seniors. Click the icon to view the summary statistics and ANOVA table. The 95% confidence interval is. (Round to one decimal place as needed.) Summary Statistics and ANOVA Table n Mean Std. Dev. Source DF Class Error Total FR 443 62.5 71.6 SS 3 99509 1562 7927979 1565 8027488 SO 330 56.5 68.5 MS 33170 5076 JU 383 72.0 80.9 F 6.53 SE 410 50.4 62.9 P 0.000 - X

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### Study on Social Media Usage Among College Students

A recent study investigated the amount of time per day that freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors spend on social media while doing schoolwork. The data was collected from students at a 4-year, public, primarily residential institution in the United States. 

The goal was to determine if freshmen use social media significantly more than other class ranks. Using the mean time each cohort spent on social media, an ANOVA table was generated to help analyze the data.

#### Summary Statistics and ANOVA Table

- **n** (Sample size)
  - Freshmen (FR): 443
  - Sophomores (SO): 330
  - Juniors (JU): 383
  - Seniors (SE): 410

- **Mean Social Media Usage (minutes per day)**
  - Freshmen: 62.5
  - Sophomores: 56.5
  - Juniors: 72.0
  - Seniors: 50.4

- **Standard Deviation (Std. Dev.)** 
  - Freshmen: 62.6
  - Sophomores: 68.5
  - Juniors: 85.0
  - Seniors: 62.9

#### ANOVA Results

- **Source of Variation: Class**
  - Degrees of Freedom (DF): 3
  - Sum of Squares (SS): 99509
  - Mean Square (MS): 33170
  - F-statistic (F): 6.53
  - P-value (P): 0.000

- **Source of Variation: Error**
  - Degrees of Freedom (DF): 1562
  - Sum of Squares (SS): 7927979
  - Mean Square (MS): 5076

- **Total**
  - Degrees of Freedom (DF): 1565
  - Sum of Squares (SS): 8027488

The results indicate a significant difference in mean social media usage among the different class ranks (p-value < 0.05).

#### Confidence Interval
A 95% confidence interval is constructed to compare the population mean time spent on social media per day between freshmen and seniors.

This analysis shows clear variations in social media usage across different class standings, helping to inform educational strategies and understand student behavior better.
Transcribed Image Text:### Study on Social Media Usage Among College Students A recent study investigated the amount of time per day that freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors spend on social media while doing schoolwork. The data was collected from students at a 4-year, public, primarily residential institution in the United States. The goal was to determine if freshmen use social media significantly more than other class ranks. Using the mean time each cohort spent on social media, an ANOVA table was generated to help analyze the data. #### Summary Statistics and ANOVA Table - **n** (Sample size) - Freshmen (FR): 443 - Sophomores (SO): 330 - Juniors (JU): 383 - Seniors (SE): 410 - **Mean Social Media Usage (minutes per day)** - Freshmen: 62.5 - Sophomores: 56.5 - Juniors: 72.0 - Seniors: 50.4 - **Standard Deviation (Std. Dev.)** - Freshmen: 62.6 - Sophomores: 68.5 - Juniors: 85.0 - Seniors: 62.9 #### ANOVA Results - **Source of Variation: Class** - Degrees of Freedom (DF): 3 - Sum of Squares (SS): 99509 - Mean Square (MS): 33170 - F-statistic (F): 6.53 - P-value (P): 0.000 - **Source of Variation: Error** - Degrees of Freedom (DF): 1562 - Sum of Squares (SS): 7927979 - Mean Square (MS): 5076 - **Total** - Degrees of Freedom (DF): 1565 - Sum of Squares (SS): 8027488 The results indicate a significant difference in mean social media usage among the different class ranks (p-value < 0.05). #### Confidence Interval A 95% confidence interval is constructed to compare the population mean time spent on social media per day between freshmen and seniors. This analysis shows clear variations in social media usage across different class standings, helping to inform educational strategies and understand student behavior better.
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