In the United States, standardized testing is used to compare students' knowledge retention across the country. States will often use the results of standardized testing to allocate funding to districts within the state. One state in particular wanted to determine whether there was a difference in scores between schools on the eastern side of the state and schools on the western side of the state. A random sample of 30 schools on the eastern side and 35 schools on the western side were chosen. The
with a standard deviation of 5.3. The mean score for the western schools was
with a standard deviation of 4.4. We would like to estimate the difference in the mean standardized scores from the eastern schools and western schools and determine the margin of error of this estimate with 98% confidence.
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- Many people now turn to the internet to get information on health-related topics. A research article used Flesch reading ease scores (a measure of reading difficulty based on factors such as sentence length and number of syllables in the words used) to score pages on Wikipedia and on WebMD. Higher Flesch scores correspond to more difficult reading levels. The paper reported that for a representative sample of health-related pages on Wikipedia, the mean Flesch score was 26.9 and the standard deviation of the Flesch scores was 14.9. For a representative sample of pages from WebMD, the mean score was 43.5 and the standard deviation was 19.2. Suppose that these means and standard deviations were based on samples of 40 pages from each site. Is there convincing evidence that the mean reading level for health-related pages differs for Wikipedia and WebMD? Test the relevant hypotheses using a significance level of 0.05. (Use μ₁ for Wikipedia and μ₂ for WebMD.) USE SALT State the appropriate…arrow_forwardIn 2015, Addison Group and Kelton surveyed the work preferences and attitudes of 1081 working adults spread over three generations-Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials (Society for Human Resource Management website). One question asked individuals if they would leave their current job to make more money at another job. The file Millennials contains the sample data, which is also summarized in the following table. Click on the datafile logo to reference the data. DATA file Leave Job for More Money? Yes No Baby Boomer 137 213 Generation 7.85 What is the p-value? Use Table 3 of Appendix B. The p-value is between 0.005 and 0.01 Using a 0.05 level of significance, what is your conclusion? Conclude interest in leaving job for more money is not Generation X 171 199 Millennial 175 186 Conduct a test of independence to determine whether interest in leaving a current job for more money is independent of employee generation. Compute the value of the X² test statistic (to 2 decimals). Do…arrow_forwardYou may need to use the appropriate appendix table or technology to answer this question. According to the Vivino website, suppose the mean price for a bottle of red wine that scores 4.0 or higher on the Vivino Rating System is $32.48. A New England-based lifestyle magazine wants to determine if red wines of the same quality are less expensive in Providence, and it has collected prices for 65 randomly selected red wines of similar quality from wine stores throughout Providence. The mean and standard deviation for this sample are $30.15 and $12, respectively. (d) Repeat the preceding hypothesis test using the critical value approach. State the null and alternative hypotheses. (Enter != for ≠ as needed.) H0: Ha: Find the value of the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) State the critical values for the rejection rule. Use ? = 0.05. (Round your answers to three decimal places. If the test is one-tailed, enter NONE for the unused tail.)…arrow_forward
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- A psychologist wanted to know if students in her class were more likely to cheat if they were low achievers. She divided her 60 students into three groups (low, middle, and high) based on their mean exam score on the previous three tests. She then asked them to rate how likely they were to cheat on an exam if the opportunity presented itself with a very limited chance for consequences. The students rated their desire to cheat on a scale ranging from 1-100, with lower numbers indicating less desire to cheat. Before opening the data, what would you hypothesize about this research question? Open the data set. Before running any statistical analyses, glance through the data. Do you think that your hypothesis will be supported? Conduct descriptive analyses and report them here. Conduct a one-way ANOVA. Report your statistical findings (including any applicable tables in APA format) here. What would you conclude from this analysis? What would be your next steps, if this…arrow_forwardSuppose the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) wants to examine the safety of compact cars, midsize cars, and full-size cars. It collects a sample of cars each of the cars types. The data below displays the frontal crash test performance percentages. Test whether there are statistical differences in the frontal crash test performance for each type of car. Car Sizes Compact Cars Midsize Cars Full-Size Cars 95 95 93 98 98 97 87 98 92 99 89 92 99 94 84 94 88 87 99 93 88 98 99 89 What conclusions can we draw from the follow-up t-tests? There is/are a total of ______ statistically significant difference(s) between car type pairs out of the follow-up t-tests. Options: a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 5 f) 6arrow_forwardYou may need to use the appropriate technology to answer this question. The Wall Street Journal Corporate Perceptions Study 2011 surveyed readers and asked how each rated the quality of management and the reputation of the company for over 250 worldwide corporations. Both the quality of management and the reputation of the company were rated on an excellent, good, and fair categorical scale. Assume the sample data for 200 respondents below applies to this study. Reputation of Company Quality of Management Excellent Good Fair Excellent 40 25 8 Good 35 35 10 Fair 25 10 12 (a) Use a 0.05 level of significance and test for independence of the quality of management and the reputation of the company. State the null and alternative hypotheses. O H: Quality of management is independent of the reputation of the company. H: Quality of management is not independent of the reputation of the company. O H: Quality of management is independent of the reputation of the H: The proportion of companies…arrow_forward
- Cris Turlock owns and manages a small business in San Francisco, California. The business provides breakfast and brunch food, via carts parked along sidewalks, to people in the business district of the city. Being an experienced businessperson, Cris provides incentives for the salespeople operating the food carts. This year, she plans to offer monetary bonuses to her salespeople based on their individual mean daily sales. Her first task is to see if there is a significant difference in the mean daily sales among the different salespeople. She chooses a "sample" of days for each salesperson and records the sales for each day. She then runs a one-way, independent-samples ANOVA test to determine whether or not she can conclude that at least one salesperson's performances is significantly different from the others. (Otherwise, she'll split the bonuses evenly among all the salespeople.) In her ANOVA, the "groups" are the different salespeople, and the variable of interest is the daily sales…arrow_forwardA nationwide job recruiting firm wants to compare the annual incomes for childcare workers in Utah and Oregon. Due to recent trends in the childcare industry, the firm suspects that the mean annual income of childcare workers in Utah is less than the mean annual income of childcare workers in Oregon. To see if this is true, the firm selected a random sample of 20 childcare workers from Utah and an independent random sample of 20 childcare workers from Oregon and asked them to report their mean annual income. The data obtained were as follows. Annual income in dollars 27060 , 42320 , 36445 , 37895, 44564 , 35325 , 30313 , 28698, 33706 , 48365 , 26946 , 25063 , 28339 , 29265 , 40051 , 37026 , 40150 , 42753 , 27820, 39471 Utah 29769 , 48859 , 32480 , 36288,45102 , 46219 ,51098 , 45516 , 38834 , 44659 , 40755 , 38006 , 39947 , 29801 , 32200, 38731 , 41370 , 28059 , 33753 , 35271 Oregon Send data to calc... v Send data to Excel The population standard deviation for the annual incomes of…arrow_forwardBank of America's Consumer Spending Survey collected data on annual credit card charges in seven different categories of expenditures: transportation, groceries, dining out, household expenses, home furnishings, apparel, and entertainment. Using data from a sample of 42 credit card accounts, assume that each account was used to identify the annual credit card charges for groceries (population 1) and the annual credit card charges for dining out (population 2) Using the difference data, the sample mean difference was d = $850, and the sample standard deviation was så = $1,123. a. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses to test for no difference between the population mean credit card charges for groceries and the population mean credit card charges for dining out. Ho : μα ♦ Select your answer - Ha d + - Select your answer - b. Use a = = 0.05 level of significance. Can you conclude that the population means differ? - Select your answer - ◆ What is the p-value? (to 6 decimals) c.…arrow_forward
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