Determine whether the description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment. Research is conducted to determine if there is a relation between kidney function in adults and childhood-onset diabetes. Does the description correspond to an observational study or an experiment? Observational study O Experiment

Aspirin III: Decision and Conclusion Regarding the experiment in the data frame Aspirin from the abd package, the researchers wanted to know whether or not taking aspirin affects one's risk of developing cancer. Recall that they defined their parameters as follows: p1 = the proportion of ALL individuals who would develop cancer, if all of them were to take aspirin like the subjects in the Aspirin group did. p2 = the proportion of ALL individuals who would develop cancer, if all of them were to take a placebo, like the subjects in the placebo group did. They ran the code for a two-sided significance test and got the following results: ## ## ## Inferential Procedures for the Difference of Two Proportions p1-p2:##   cancer grouped by treatment ## ## ## Descriptive Results:## ##          yes     n estimated.prop## Aspirin 1438 19934        0.07214## Placebo 1427 19942        0.07156## ## ## Inferential Results:## ## Estimate of p1-p2:    0.0005805 ## SE(p1.hat - p2.hat):  0.002586 ## ##…

carefully weigh the data before casting your vote.  As you review the data, you ask yourself, Assuming both teams handled roughly the same number of customers, which chart impresses me more? Which team is the most consistent? Which team, over time, has better average scores?  Growing scores?  Declining scores? What does the Descriptive Statistics ToolPak tell me about the data? Which team is showing improvement? Can I estimate (or visually predict using the best fit line) which team will have better future performance?  If so, which team?  How do I know? …and, for whom should I vote?

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In what ways would you measure causality in research? Select all that apply. Measuring the changes observed Controlling confounding influences Observing the effects on the dependent variable(s) You can't really measure cause and effect.

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Tips It’s commonly believed that people use tips toreward good service. A researcher for the hospitalityindustry examined tips and ratings of service qualityfrom 2645 dining parties at 21 different restaurants. The correlation between ratings of service and tip percent-ages was 0.11. (M. Lynn and M. McCall, “Gratitude and Gratuity.” Journal of Socio-Economics 29: 203–214)a) Describe the relationship between Quality of Serviceand Tip Size.b) Find and interpret the value of R2 in this context.

Question Use the data given below: x              y 2.3        3.9 4           1.4 2.9        3.5 4.7        5   additional data point (10.3, 9.3)   Explain why correlations should always be reported with scatter diagrams? Choose one of the following to answer   a) the scatter diagram can be used to distinguish between association and causation.  b) the scatter diagram is needed to determine if the correlation is positive or negative.  c) the scatter diagram is needed to see if the correlation coefficient is being affected by the presence of outliers.

not use ai please