Determine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence. Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein?  What about the function of the protein?)

A point mutation is a mutation that arises when one nucleotide in the genetic sequence is substituted, added or deleted. Two possible point mutations are given below: Mutation A. Lysine is substituted for Leucine Mutation B: Serine is substituted for Threonine Which mutation is likely to be more serious? E Explain

describe a mutation that does not alter the amino acid sequence of a protein

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by different types of mutations, many of which prevent ions from moving across cell membranes. Normally there are channel proteins that allow passage of the ions, but in patients with one kind of CF these proteins seem odd. Closer examination shows that these proteins display the correct amino acid sequence. However, they fail to do their job. A) Given that the primary structure of the protein is correct, what can you infer about the DNA sequence for the gene coding this protein on this patient, is there a mutation? Explain. B) Why is the primary structure insufficient to guarantee the proper function of the protein?