Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders. People with SCD have sickle-shaped red blood cells. A single base substitution mutation can cause one type of SCD. This mutation causes a change in the structure of the beta polypeptide chains in haemoglobin. Explain how a single base substitution causes a change in the structure of this polypeptide.

Q: Explain why a point mutation does not necessarily change the oriignal amino acid sequence.  Explain…

A: A mutation refers to the alteration in the sequence of nucleotides in an organism’s DNA…

Q: Two proteins have exactly the same amino acid sequence. Protein A is able to bind with high affinity…

A: Only certain substances can diffuse through the cell membrane as the cell membrane is selectively…

Q: Both Pfizer and Moderna MRNA vaccines use the lipid DSPC (see figure below) in constructing the…

A: The vaccines are the specific molecules that helps us developing passive immunity. Vaccination helps…

Q: population in Africa is mozygous individuals carrying the Val-6 mutation die from sickle cel emia…

A: Sickle Cell anaemia is a genetic disease that results from a point mutation that results in the…

Q: Can you please briefly define these five classes of domain folds.: α, β, α / β, α + β, and…

A: On a larger scale based on α and β secondary structures, the classes of domain folds are:- 1. α: In…

Q: In a folded protein, Glu116 is close in three-dimensional space to Lys224. The pKa of the carboxylic…

A: pKa is the pH at which a weak acid is 50% dissociated. Alternatively, pKa = -log Ka. In acid-base…

Q: Sodium nitrite, a common food preservative (page 906), is capable of causing mutations in an acidic…

A: Sodium nitrite, a common food preservative , is capable of causing mutations in an acidic…

Q: Describe how two amino acids are combined to form apolypeptide.

A: The translation is the process of building the polymers of protein where the amino acids sequence…

Q: β-mercaptoethanol ____, and urea _____ disrupt the interactions involved in formation of α-helices.…

A: DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the genetic material of the organisms that transfer from…

Q: Some mutations affect changes in protein structure and function that can result in disease whereas…

A: The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material of an organism. The DNA is inherited by the…

Q: ckle-cell anemia is an interesting genetic disease. Normal homozygous individials (SS) have normal…

A:

Q: Adenosine triphosphate is an imortant molecule becauseit

A: Electron transport chain is mechanism which takes the electrons from the electron donor and gives to…

Q: In sickle cell anemia, an inherited form of anemia in which the hemoglobin distorts the red blood…

A: The mutation that alters the codon that codes for a specific amino acid is called missense mutation.…

Q: a. Identify the type of mutation shown below. b. How many amino acids are affected? c. What type of…

A: Ans a. The type of mutation shown below is point mutaion. A point mutation or replacement is a…

Q: A mutation in the promoter region of the gene for the beta-globin can cause betathalassemia, a…

A: Transcription is the synthesizing of RNA from DNA. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes are transcribed…

Q: Explain the amino–imino forms of cytosine and adenine ?

A: Watson and Crick showed a mechanism for the spontaneous occurrence of transitions. Some of the…

Q: TRNAS do vary in length. True False

A: RNA is ribonucleic acid which is formed from DNA .It is further of three types :- A )rRNA (…

Q: What will be the effect of the following changes to the protein structure of hemoglobin and its…

A: Hemoglobin is an oligomeric, allosteric, conjugated protein with four polypeptide chains. It…

Q: name one kind of mutation that produces an altered protein. what determines wether the altered…

A: Genetic material is nothing but the sequence of nucleic acids which is called as DNA. It contains…

Q: What is the difference between sickle-cell amino acid sequence and normal amino acid sequence?

A: Sickel-Cell anaemia is a blood disorder in which the specifically the Red Blood Cells becomes…

Q: "One gene makes one RNA makes one protein". Is this true? Explain.

A: The "one gene makes one RNA makes one protein" dogma simplifies how genes are expressed. In general,…

Q: Describe the effect of the substitution mutation in a sequence of amino acids.

A: Mutation is defined as a change in the sequence of DNA that occurs as a result of DNA copying errors…

Q: If you were to design a synthetic protein that would be used to increase support in synthetic heart…

A: Introduction:- The mitral, tricuspid, pulmonary, and aortic valves are the four heart valves that…

Q: What type of mutation is sickle cell anemia? Explain the molecular basis of sickle cell anemia.

A: Sickle cell anemia is an abnormal condition that arises due to the mutation in the beta-globin chain…

Q: Define the following terms: a. proteasome b. ubiquitination c. ubiquitin-conjugating system d.…

A: Molecular biology is the branch of science that deals with different molecules inside the body which…

Q: describe a mutation that does not alter the amino acid sequence of a protein

A: introduction A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying…

Q: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by different types of mutations, many of which…

A: CF is caused by a mutation in a gene called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator…

Q: Does a mutation always result in a change of an amino acid sequence in protein? Why?

A: A mutation is the alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome which may or may not result in…

Q: Figure shows a part of the sequence alignment of human and whale myoglobin proteins. Please explain…

A: The condition represented in the sequence alignment is amino acid replacement. In amino-acid…

Q: Which of the given disorder can be seen in an individual when the mutation includes substitution of…

A: Purines and pyrimidines are nitrogenous bases present in nucleic acids. Substitution of purine by…

Q: S-adenosylmethionine is an activated carrier molecule that transfers which of the following groups?…

A: Activated carrier molecules are the molecules which breakdown into two molecules to release the…

Q: The study of the b-globin gene helped establish the one gene-one polypeptide relationship. Which of…

A: Mutation is a random process. It leads to change the nucleotide in a sequence of a gene.

Q: 1. The shape of hemoglobin binding curves is: hyperbolic or sigmoidal 2. a) Based on the binding…

A: Note: As per the guidelines, i could solve only the first three subparts of the question. Please re…

Q: Define the following terms: a. asparagine-linked oligosaccharide b. mucin-type oligosaccharide c.…

A: Introduction : Any foreign substance that is responsible for generating an immune response in the…