Description Solubility in water (+/-) Sample Skeletal Structure (i.e., physical state, odor, clarity and color) Ethanol 1-Butanol Cyclohexanol Isoamyl alcohol enolBiolpgyEnvironmental Science Explain in 2 – 3 sentences the solubility of alcohols and phenols in water.

Which of the following can dissolve in water? (Give all answers) O butane O 1-butanol CH3CH3 HOCH2CH2CH,CH2OH none of the compounds can dissolve in water

Table 1. Physical Properties of Selected Compounds Density (g/mL) Melting point (°C) Boiling point (°C) Substance Acetanilide 1.22 114 304 Acetone 0.79 -95 56 Benzophenone Bromoform 1.15 48 306 150 2.89 0.98 0.79 2.46 8 -2.4 2,3-Butanedione t-Butyl alcohol Cadmium nitrate 4H;O Chloroform Cyclohexane p-Dibromobenzene p-Dichlorobenzene Diphenyl Diphenylamine Diphenylnethane Ether, ethyl propyl 88 83 25 59 132 1.49 0.78 1.83 -63.5 6.5 86.9 61 81.4 219 1.46 53 70 53 27 174 0.99 255 1.16 302 265 1.00 1.37 -79 64 Hexane 0.66 69 Isopropyl alcohol Lauric acid 0.79 0.88 1.63 -98 83 225 330 43 Magnesium nitrate 6H2O Methyl alcohol Methylene chloride Naphthalene a-Naphthol Phenyl benzoate Propionaldehyde Sodium acetate 3H2O Stearic acid Thymol Toluene p-Toluidine Zinc chloride 89 79 1.34 -98 -97 65 40.1 1.15 1.10 80 218 94 288 1.23 71 314 0.81 1.45 0.85 0.97 -81 58 48.8 123 70 291 232 52 0.87 0.97 2.91 -95 111 45 200 283 732 MAR ...

Which of the following gives the proper order for increasing solubility in water? * O Hexane < diethyl ether < butanol O Diethyl ether < hexane < butanol O Butanol < hexane < diethyl ether Diethyl ether < butanol < hexane O Hexane < butanol < diethyl ether octanoic acid is insoluble in water, soluble in NaOH and NaHCO3 O soluble in water and ether O insoluble in water and NaOH, soluble in HCl O insoluble in water, NaOH HCl and H2s04

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1. Write the skeletal structures of propanal, acetone and cyclohexanone. What is the major intermolecular force (IMF) found in them? Based on their major intermolecular force and molecular weight, what can you predict on their solubility in water?  Chemical Name Skeletal Structures Major IMF Solubility in water  Propanal         Acetone          Cyclohexanone            2. What is the purpose of Tollens’ test (Part B)? What is the evidence of a positive result? 3. What is the purpose of oxidation test (Part C)? What is the evidence of a positive result?

Fill out this table.  In the solvent put if soluble or insoluble.

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1. Consider the solubility and boiling point of the following pair of compounds: n-butyl alcohol and diethyl ether. The boiling points for the compounds are 118 °C and 35 °C respectively. The solubility for both compounds is the same (8g/100g water). Explain this observation for (i) boiling point disparity; (ii) solubility similarity   a. H-bonds form in diethyl ether; n-butyl alcohol forms H-bonds in water b. H-bonds form in n-butyl alcohol; diethyl ether forms H-bonds in water c. H-bonds in n-butyl alcohol; Both compounds form H-bonds in water d. Both compounds form H-bonds; Both compounds form H-bonds in water   2. Account for the bond angle differences between (i) H-C-H (109.5°) in methane and H-S-H (90°); H-C-H (109.5°) and H-O-H (107.5°) in water. a. The H-S-H has two lone pairs; The H-O-H has two lone pairs b. The H-S-H has no hybridization at p-orbitals; The H-O-H has two lone pairs c. The H-S-H has two lone pairs; The H-O-H has no hybridization…

14-25 Explain why glycerol is much thicker (more viscous) than ethylene glycol, which in turn is much more viscous than ethanol.