Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- Describe two methods for transforming a vector into bacteria.
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- Name two commonly used vectors in genetic engineering.arrow_forwardExplain: Describe an electrochemical sensor assay method for rapid bacterial detection and identification. What are the principles and mechanisms involved? functionalization of a sensor array with DNA oligonucleotide capture probes for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) species-specific sequences. sandwich hybridization of target rRNA with the capture probe and a horseradish peroxidase linked DNA oligonucleotide detector probe. Explain how bacteria are being detected using an electrochemical sensorarrow_forwardWe have two specific strains of E. coli that have shown horizontal gene transfer (HGT) when mixed. To experimentally determine the method of HGT that is happening, the following conditions are set up in different tubes of culture media: A) Donor and recipient strain mixed together (control - no treatment). B) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, DNase added (can digest DNA in solution, not within cells).C) Special tube containing a membrane filter (with pores that allow DNA and viruses to pass through, but not bacterial cells) that separates two compartments. Donor strain is added on one side, the recipient strain on the other (they are separated by the filter).D) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, with chemical that inactivates viruses (chemical affects bacteriophages in solution so they are unable to attach to cells). The results: Tubes A, B, and D: HGT was observed. Tube C: HGT was NOT observed. Based on this, which type of HGT was occurring? Conjugation,…arrow_forward
- Consider the following experiment. First, large populations of two mutant strains of Escherichia coli are mixed, each requiring a different, single amino acid. After plating them onto a minimal medium, 45 colonies grew. Which of the following may explain this result? A) The colonies may be due to back mutation (reversion). B) The colonies may be due to recombination. C) Either A or B is possible. D) Neither A nor B is possible.arrow_forwardIn bacterial transformation, the purpose of having antibiotic within an agar plate is to: Select one: confirm which plasmids been have successfully ligated with a gene of interest. isolate bacteria which have been successfully transformed with the plasmid. indicate which plasmids were successfully digested by the endonuclease. act as a substrate which will be cleaved and produce a blue product when ligation is unsuccessful. show which plasmids contain the lacZ gene.arrow_forwardYou are using a T7 promotor in yeast, your protein is a large complex protein. Which would be the ideal vector to use to manufacture this in yeast and which one would you use in E. coli?arrow_forward
- Describe the process of inserting DNA into a vectorarrow_forwardWhen cloning a piece of DNA, the purpose of using the LacZ blue-white colony method is to A) Remove bacteria that do not have recombinant vectors B) Remove bacteria that do not have the DNA insert of interest Remove linear DNA Distinguish colonies that have recombinant vectors from those with non-recombinant vectors. E) Remove bacteria that have not taken up the vectorarrow_forwardThe modifiedplasmid is reintroduced back into Rhizobium(step 4) and the genetically transformed bacteria are then selected based on the amp and lacZgenes present within the plasmid. The plasmid may or may not integrate the BBW resistancegene. The treated bacteria may or may not take up the modified plasmid. a) Complete the table below with a yes or no in each space stating whether you would expect these bacteria to grow or not. Type of treated bacteria culture plate(no amp) Culture plate treated with ampicillin Plasmid not taken up Plasmid taken up (WithoutBBW resistancegene) Plasmid taken up (WithBBW resistancegene) B) Outline how the genetically transformed bacteria containing the BBW resistance gene can beselected based on the amp and lacZgenes present within the plasmid.arrow_forward
- Describe the method of pronuclear injection to generate transgenic mice?arrow_forwardBacteriophage P22 was used in generalised transduction experiments to infect the Salmonella typhimurium donor strains described in the table below. The resulting phage lysates were then used to infect the recipient strains of S. typhimurium recipient strains listed in the table. In each cross, a phenotype was selected for one of the selected for one of the three genetic markers studied (str, aceA, thrA), and were made to select the recombinants corresponding to the other two markers. markers. The results are given in the following table: Strain I donor str thrA aceA thrA str aceA+ Strain recipient strs thrA+ aceA thrA str aceA Phenotype selected Str Ace+ Str recombinants selected ThrA ThrA ThrA ThrA Ace Ace Number 60 40 95 5 10 90 str: gene involved in streptomycin resistance, aceA: gene involved in the use of acetate as a carbon source, thrA: gene involved in threonine biosynthesis. 1) What are the selective media used in these three transduction experiments? to obtain the selected…arrow_forwardDiscuss the four important features of DNA vectors.arrow_forward
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