Describe the differences between the F factor and Hfr transfer. Include how the donor and recipient are affected in each type of conjugation.

Explain a ideal molecular surfactant design for mRNA vaccines

discuss the genetics an biology of the lytic pathway of bacteriophage lambda.

Describe why cells require error-prone repair systems such as pol η, nonhomologous end-joining, and the SOS response.

Explain the mode of action of transcription inhibitor metarrestin. Explain why transcription inhibitor is a good anticancer drug.

Explain why mRNA is preferred for making COVID-19 vaccines?

Which genes is closest to tyr? Recipient Recipient leu- phe+ his- met+ tyr+ leu- phe+ his+ met- tyr+ leu- phe+ his+ met+ tyr- leu- phe- his+ met+ tyr+ leu+ phe+ his-met- tyr+ 127 leu+ phe-his- met+ tyr+ leu+ phe+ his+ met- tyr- leu+ phe- his+ met- tyr+ leu+ phe-his+ met+ tyr- leu- phe+ his+ met+ tyr+ leu+ phe+ his+ met+ tyr- O O O leu his phe met none #wild type 22 37 138 132 1 leu+ phe+ his- met+ tyr- 6 10 148 31 #wild type 304 356

Before JCVI-syn3.0 was produced, what steps were used to create a synthetic Mycoplasma cell? Put the events below into the correct order. Drag and drop the events into the proper sequence from left to right. ▸ View Available Hint(s) First Step Transformed cells are detected by the presence of lacz, which causes them to cleave Xgal and produce a blue color. Yeast is transformed using Mycoplasma mycoides fragments. The synthetic chromosome is transformed into Mycoplasma capricolum. The synthetic Mycoplasma mycoides chromosome is purified. DNA fragments assemble through homologous recombination in yeast. Reset Help Last Step

Describe the fate of the λ phage during the infection process with mutants in the following genes: CI CII CIII N Cro att Q Describe the fate of the λ phage during the infection process with mutants in the following areas: OR1 OR3 PL PR PRE PRM tL1 tR1

Consider this strain of E. coli with lac operon alleles: IS pt o* z* y+ /T p* oCz- Y+ In a written response, briefly explain if beta-galactosidase AND permease will be expressed, and if so, will they be inducible or constitutive.