Consider the reaction catalyzed by PFK. In the presence of AMP, which of the following will be expected? Check all that apply: a)The Km for substrate would be decreased b) the initial velocity plot would show the curve shifted to the right c) the R state is stabilized d)the rate of the reaction is diminished

5. For a Michaelis-Menten enzyme, k1 = 5.2 ⅹ 108 M-1 s-1, k-1 = 3.1 ⅹ 104 s-1, and k2 = 3.4 ⅹ 105 s-1. a) Write out the reaction, showing k1, k-1, and k2. Calculate Ks and Km. Does substrate binding approach equilibrium or the steady state? Justify your answer. b) What is kcat for this reaction? Justify your answer. c) Calculate Vmax for the enzyme. The total enzyme concentration is 25 pmol L-1, and each enzyme has two active sites. d) What substrate concentration would be required for the reaction in (c) to reach half of Vmax. Justify your answer mathematically. e) A second Michaelis-Menten enzyme has k1 = 4.2 ⅹ 107 M-1 s-1, k-1 = 6.1 ⅹ 104 s-1, and k2 = 5.3 ⅹ 102 s-1. Which enzyme is most efficient? 6. A pharmaceutical company is trying to develop a

Explain IN DETAIL the process of Kreb’s Cycle.  Include the overall equation, location, products, by-products, and reactants.

1) Is the ratio of the forward rate constant and reverse rate constant changed by the presence of an enzyme catalyst?   2) 4) What is the simplest mathematical relationship between substrate concentrations [S], initial velocity (Vo) of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, the maximal velocity of the reaction (Vmax), and the ½ maximal Vo (i.e. Km) ? (Hint: what is the Michaelis-Menten Equation?   3) Graphically illustrate the most useful derivation of the Michaelis-Menton equation (that darn linearized, double-reciprocal)

Explain how running a reaction with the enzyme aldolase at a pH of 14 affects its activity Enzyme Activity e Activity 765432TO Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity 0 6543 2 6 Solution pH 8 a) It significantly diminishes activity because enzyme is denatured b) It significantly diminishes activity because the enzyme becomes too reactive Oc) It will quadruple its activity because enzyme is denatured and free Question 9 (5 points) Estimate the optimum pH required for maximum enzyme activity 10 d) It will double its activity because enzyme now has more active sites 12 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity