Complete the following paragraph describing the fate of the second 14CO-acetyl-CoA molecule incorporated into the glyoxylate cycle.   The glyoxylate produced in the isocitrate reaction combines with a (A.) 2nd molecule of oxoaloacetate, B.) 2nd molecule of succinate, C.)2nd molecule of acetyl coa) in the malate synthase reaction. Malate is (A.Chiral, B.diasteromeoic C.)Achiral) ; therefore, the oxaloacetate produced from glyoxylate will be labeled at (A.Either of carboxylate carbon B. specifically at methylene carbon C. Specifically at carbonyl carbon D. Specifically at carboxylate carbon bonded to methylene).

What is(are) the product(s) of the thiolase reaction involving a sixteen carbon ß-ketoacyl substrate and CoASH? O A 14 carbon acyl-CoA molecule and acetyl-CoA O An 18 carbon acyl-CoA molecule and acetyl-CoA O acetoacetyl coA O An 18 carbon acyl-CoA molecule

Briefly describe the biological rationale for each of the following allosteric phenomena: (a) activation of pyruvate carboxylase by acetyl-CoA; (b) activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase by NADH; (c) inhibition of isocitrate dehydrogenase by NADH; (d) activation of isocitrate dehydrogenase by ADP; (e) inhibition of a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase by succinyl-CoA; (f) activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase by Ca²+.

The reactions of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are required to generate the substrate that is fed into the TCA (Kreb’s) cycle from pyruvate. The 3 enzymes that make up this complex are pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E2) dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3). a. Name the one diffusible reaction product (i.e. the product that is free to leave the enzyme complex) of each enzyme of the complex. b. Draw the “business end” of the fully reduced form of lipoic acid. c. Using words, fully describe the function of E3 in this complex. Your answer should include all cofactors used, all intermediates and products of this enzyme. DO NOT show any mechanisms for this part.