California Circuits Company (3C) manufactures a variety of components. Its Valley plant specializes in two electronic components used in circuit boards. These components serve the same function and perform equally well. The difference in the two products is the raw material. The XL-D chip is the older of the two components and is made with a metal that requires a wash prior to assembly. Originally, the plant released the wastewater directly into a local river. Several years ago, the company was ordered to treat the wastewater before its release, and it installed relatively expensive equipment. While the equipment is fully
Two years ago, company scientists developed an alloy with all of the properties of the raw materials used in XL-D that generates no wastewater. Some prototype components using the new material were produced and tested and found to be indistinguishable from the old components in every way relating to their fitness for use. The only difference is that the new alloy is more expensive than the old raw material. The company has been test-marketing the newer version of the component, referred to as XL-C, and is currently trying to decide its fate.
Manufacturing of both components begins in the Production Department and is completed in the Assembly Department. No other products are produced in the plant. The following provides information for the two components:
XL-D | XL-C | |
Units produced | 100,000 | 25,000 |
Raw material costs per unit | $13.00 | $15.00 |
Direct labor-hours per unit—Production | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Direct labor-hours per unit—Assembly | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Direct labor rate per hour—all labor | $25.00 | $25.00 |
Machine-hours per unit—Production | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Machine-hours per unit—Assembly | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Testing hours per unit (all in production) | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Shipping weight per unit (pounds) | 1.0 | 1.6 |
Wastewater generated per unit (gallons) | 10.0 | 0.0 |
Annual
Production Department | Assembly Department | |||||
Supervision | $ | 110,000 | $ | 250,000 | ||
Material handling | 98,000 | 45,000 | ||||
Testing | 160,000 | 0 | ||||
Wastewater treatment | 260,000 | 0 | ||||
Depreciation on equipment | 410,000 | 110,000 | ||||
Shipping | 8,000 | 130,000 | ||||
Total | $ | 1,046,000 | $ | 535,000 | ||
The company president believes that it’s foolish to continue producing two essentially equivalent products. At the same time, the corporate image is somewhat tarnished because of a toxic dump found at another site (not the Valley plant). The president would like to be able to point to the Valley plant as an example of company research and development (R&D) working to provide an environmentally friendly product. The controller points out to the president that the company’s financial position is shaky, and it cannot afford to make products in any way other than the most cost-efficient one.
Required:
a. 3C’s current cost accounting system charges overhead to products based on direct labor cost using a single plantwide rate. What product costs will it report for the two products if the current allocation system is used?
b. The controller recently completed an executive education course describing the two-stage allocation procedure. Assume that the first stage allocates costs to departments and the second stage allocates costs to products. The controller believes that the costs will be more accurate if machine-hours are used to allocate Production Department costs and labor-hours are used to allocate Assembly Department costs. What product costs will be reported for the two products if the two-stage allocation process is used?
d. The president argues that an activity-based costing system would provide even better costs. The company decides to compute product costs assuming an ABC system is implemented only in the Production Department. Overhead in Assembly will continue to be allocated based on direct labor hours. The cost drivers selected for the activity-based costing system are as follows.
Overhead Item | Driver |
Supervision | Direct labor-hours |
Material handling | Material cost |
Testing | Testing hours |
Wastewater treatment | Wastewater generated |
Depreciation on equipment | Machine-hours |
Shipping | Weight |
What product costs would be reported if this ABC system were implemented? Assume that the production mix and costs would remain as originally planned.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Step by stepSolved in 4 steps
- st K Yard Growers Corp manufactures garden tools in a factory in Taneytown, Maryland. Recently, the company designed a collection of tools for professional use rather than consumer use. Management needs to make a good decision about whether to produce this line in their existing space in Maryland, where space is available or to accept an offer from a manufacturer in Taiwan. Data conceming the decision are (Click the icon to view the data.) Read the requirements Requirement 1. Should Yard Growers Corp manufacture the 680,000 garden tools in the Maryland facility or purchase them from the supplier in Taiwan? Explain The cost of manufacturing 680,000 garden tools in the Maryland facility is 680,000 garden tools from the Taiwan supplier is and the cost of purchasing Yard Growers Corp purchase the garden tools from the Talwan supplier because it is than the relevant costs to manufacture the garden tools in Maryland SKIP REQUIREMENT 2 Requirement 3. What are some of the qualitative factors…arrow_forwardA plastic-manufacturing company owns andoperates a polypropylene production facility that converts the propylene from one of its cracking facilitiesto polypropylene plastics for outside sale. The polypropylene production facility is currently forced tooperate at less than capacity due to an insufficiencyof propylene production capacity in its hydrocarboncracking facility. The chemical engineers are considering alternatives for supplying additional propyleneto the polypropylene production facility. Two feasiblealternatives are to build a pipeline to the nearest outside supply source and to provide additional propylene by truck from an outside source. The engineersalso gathered the following projected cost estimates.• Future costs for purchased propylene excludingdelivery: $0.215 per lb.• Cost of pipeline construction: $200,000 per pipeline mile.• Estimated length of pipeline: 180 miles.• Transportation costs by tank truck: $0.05 per lb,utilizing a common carrier.• Pipeline operating…arrow_forwardThe Pittsburgh division of Vermont Machinery, Inc., manufactures drill bits.One of the production processes for a drill bit requires tipping, whereby carbide tips are inserted into the bit to make it stronger and more durable. This tipping process usually requires four or five operators, depending on the weekly workload. The same operators are also assigned to the stamping operation, where the size of the drill bit and the company's logo is imprinted on the bit. Vermont is considering acquiring three automatic tipping machines to replace the manual tipping and stamping operations. If the tipping process is automated, the division's engineers will have to redesign the shapes of the carbide tips to be used in the machine. The new design requires less carbide, resulting in savings on materials. The following financial data have been compiled: Project life: six years. Expected annual savings: reduced labor, $56,000; reduced material, $75,000; other benefits (reduced carpal tunnel syndrome…arrow_forward
- Shady Fabrication Group (SFG) manufactures components for manufacturing equipment at several facilities. The company produces two, related, parts at its Park River Plant, the models SF-08 and SF-48. The differences in the models are the quality of the materials and the precision to which they are produced. The SF-48 model is used in applications where the precision is critical and thus requires greater oversight in the production process. Although sales remain reasonably strong, managers at SFG have noticed that the company is meeting more resistance to the pricing for SF-08, although there seems to be little need for negotiation on the price of the SF-48 model. As a result, the marketing manager at SFG has asked the financial staff to review the costs of the two products to understand better what might be happening in the market. Manufacturing overhead is currently assigned to products based on their direct labor costs. For the most recent month manufacturing overhead was $208,800.…arrow_forwardAshley Technology Inc. manufactures a scrambling device for cellular telephones. The device's main component is a delicate part, CT140. CT140 is easily damaged and requires careful handling. Once damaged, it must be discarded. The firm hires only skilled laborers to manufacture and install CT140; however, some are still damaged. Robotic instruments process all other parts. Ashley's operating data for 2 years are as follows: Units manufactured Number of CT140 used Number of direct labor hours spent Cost of CT140 per unit Direct labor wage rate per hour 2019 $ S 750,000 900,000 150,000 156 56 2018 1,000,000 1,050,000 200,000 $ 135 $ 62 Assume that fixed manufacturing costs are $50 million in both 2018 and 2019. Required: 1. Compute the total productivity ratios for 2018 and 2019.arrow_forwardHall, Incorporated manufactures two components, Standard and Ultra, that are designed for the same function, but are made of different metals for operational performance reasons. The metal used in Standard is easy to work with and there are few quality issues or reworking required on the machines. The metal used in Ultra is more difficult to work with and often needs additional machine time and rework. Data on expected operations and direct costs for the next fiscal year follow: Account Administration Engineering Machine operation and maintenance Standard Miscellaneous Supervision Total 48,000 144,000 24,000 Ultral $ 3,384,000 2,520,000 Units produced Direct labor-hours used Machine-hours used Direct materials costs $5,163,000 Direct labor costs 855,000 The planning process team at Hall, Incorporated has estimated the following manufacturing overhead costs for the next fiscal year: 16,500 22,500 22,500 Total Amount $ 825,400 5,699,500 875,000 540,100 884,500 $8,824,500. 64,500 166,500…arrow_forward
- Michelin is considering going “lights out” in the mixing area of the business that operates 24/7. Currently, personnel with a loaded cost of $600,000 per year are used to manually weigh real rubber, synthetic rubber, carbon black, oils, and other components prior to manual insertion in a Banbary mixer that provides a homogeneous blend of rubber for making tires (rubber products). New technology is available that has the reliability and consistency desired to equal or exceed the quality of blend now achieved manually. It requires an investment of $2.5 million, with $110,000 per year operational costs and will replace all of the manual effort described above. The planning horizon is 8 years and there will be a $300,000 salvage value at that time for the new technology. The income-tax rate is 25% and the after-tax MARR is 10%. Determine the annual cost of purchasing the new technology and the EUAC of the two scenariosarrow_forwardNizam Company produces speaker cabinets. Recently, Nizam switched from a traditional departmental assembly line system to a manufacturing cell in order to produce the cabinets. Sup-pose that the cabinet manufacturing cell is the cost object. Assume that all or a portion of the following costs must be assigned to the cell:a. Depreciation on electric saws, sanders, and drills used to produce the cabinetsb. Power to heat and cool the plant in which the cell is locatedc. Salary of cell supervisord. Wood used to produce the cabinet housingse. Maintenance for the cell’s equipment (provided by the maintenance department)f. Labor used to cut the wood and to assemble the cabinetsg. Replacement sanding beltsh. Cost of janitorial services for the planti. Ordering costs for materials used in productionj. The salary of the industrial engineer (she spends about 20 percent of her time on work forthe cell)k. Cost of maintaining plant and grounds l. Cost of plant’s personnel officem. Depreciation on…arrow_forwardO Hedwig Optical makes three models of binoculars: Travel, Sport, and Pro. The models differ by the size of the casing and the quality of the optics. The binoculars are produced in two departments. The Assembly Department purchases components from vendors and assembles them into binoculars. The Travel and Sport models are complete and ready for sale after completing the assembly process. The Pro model undergoes further processing in the Calibration Department, which is actually just a small area in the same building as the Assembly Department. Conversion costs in both the Assembly Department and Calibration Department are based on the number of units produced. There are never any work-in-process inventories. Data for production in January are shown in the following table: Units produced Materials cost Conversion costs Assembly Calibration Total conversion costs Travel Sport Pro Total 35,000 $ 1,645,000 Cost Per Unit $ 440,000 44,400 $ 484,400 Travel 17,500 Sport 13,125 4,375 $ 305,000…arrow_forward
- Dineshbhaiarrow_forwardBouwens Corporation manufactures a solvent used in airplane maintenance shops. Bouwens sells the solvent to both U.S. military services and commercial airlines. The solvent is produced in a single plant in one of two buildings. Although the solvent sold to the military is chemically identical to that sold to the airlines, the company produces solvent for the two customer types in different buildings at the plant. The solvent sold to the military is manufactured in building 155 (B-155) and is labeled M-Solv. The solvent sold to the commercial airlines is manufactured in building 159 (B-159) and is labeled C-Solv. B-155 is much newer and is considered a model work environment with climate control and other amenities. Workers at Bouwens, who all have roughly equal skills, bid on their job locations (the buildings they will work in) and are assigned based on bids and seniority. As workers gain seniority, they also receive higher pay. The solvent sold to the two customers is essentially…arrow_forward
- AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337272094Author:WARREN, Carl S., Reeve, James M., Duchac, Jonathan E.Publisher:Cengage Learning,Accounting Information SystemsAccountingISBN:9781337619202Author:Hall, James A.Publisher:Cengage Learning,
- Horngren's Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis...AccountingISBN:9780134475585Author:Srikant M. Datar, Madhav V. RajanPublisher:PEARSONIntermediate AccountingAccountingISBN:9781259722660Author:J. David Spiceland, Mark W. Nelson, Wayne M ThomasPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationFinancial and Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781259726705Author:John J Wild, Ken W. Shaw, Barbara Chiappetta Fundamental Accounting PrinciplesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education