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- Linoleic acid (below) is an essential fatty acid found in many vegetable oils, such as soy, peanut, and cottonseed. A key structural feature of the molecule is the cis orientation around its two double bonds, where R1 and R2 represent two different groups that form the rest of the molecule. R, CH2 `H H' (a) How many different compounds are possible, changing only the cis/trans arrangements around these two double bonds? (b) How many are possible for a similar compound with three double bonds? R3. .CH2 R4 `H H `H H'Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid found in many veg-etable oils, such as soy, peanut, and cottonseed. A key structural feature of the molecule is the c is orientation around its two dou-ble bonds, where R1and R2 represent two different groups thatform the rest of the molecule. (a) How many different compounds are possible, changing onlythe cis-trans arrangements around these two double bonds?(b) How many are possible for a similar compound with three double bonds?In the following compounds, the C atoms form a single ring.Draw a Lewis structure for each compound, identify cases for which resonance exists, and determine the carbon-carbon bondorder(s): (a) C₃H₄; (b) C₃H₆; (c) C₄H₆; (d) C₄H₄; (e) C₆H₆.
- What is the formal charge on each atom indicated in the following structure. b a CH3 H3C-N-C CH3 CH3 || :O: CH3Q2. Draw a zig-zag representation for each molecule below showing all valence electrons on atoms other than carbon and hydrogen and include any formal charges should there be any (none of the compounds contain a ring of atoms).(a) CH3CH=CHCH(OH)CH3(b) (CH3)2CHCH2CO2CH2CH3Q. 9a) Provide additional resonance structures for the following species. Remember to show lone pairs & formal charges where applicable + [ :N=N-F: +→ [:0-C!-O: → Q. 9b) Draw the Lewis Structure for NCCH2CO2NHCH3, determine the number of sigma bonds & the number of pi bonds present, and indicate the bond angle value around each carbon atom, each nitrogen atom, and each oxygen atom.
- Draw the shapes of the following molecules and ions in 3-dimension. Show clearly any lone pairs of electrons on the central atom, state the number of bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons on the central atom and name the shape of the molecule or ion. (a) AIH4-, aluminium hydride ion (b) CH3-, methyl carbanion (c) POCl3, phosphorus oxychloride Provide everything stated in the instructions for each compound.Draw Lewis structures for each of the following ions. One atom in each ion has a formal charge that is not zero.Determine which atom it is, and what the formal charge is. (a) the C2H5 anion; (b) the CH3O cation; (c) the CH6N cation;(d) the CH5O cation; (e) the C3H3 anion (all three H atoms are on the same carbon)1. Molecule A, shown below is closely related to the drug NGD-4715, which exhibits anti- depressant effects in animal models. Which of the following best describes the orbital overlap between the C and N atoms that provides the G-bond in the cyano group (labelled "e")? (A) C sp - N sp (D) Cp-Np OA OB OC OD OH (B) C sp'-N p (E) C sp - N sp¹ Molecule A (C) C sp - N sp
- Isotretinoin, a fatty acid, is a medication used to treat severe acne that has not responded to other drugs. Because it causes fetal abnormalities, it cannot be taken by pregnant women, and its prescription and use are carefully monitored. (a) Label each C = C as E or Z. (b) Label each joined σ bond joining two C = C’s as s-cis or s-trans.Q2. Draw a zig-zag representation for each molecule below showing all valence electrons on atoms other than carbon and hydrogen and include any formal charges should there be any (none of the compounds contain a ring of atoms). (c) H3N(CH2)¼CO2Convert the following line-bond structures into molecular formulas: (a) CH₂OH H H H H کی C= = с с C )-1 H (c) H、 N. с (=^ 0=C с FO Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) 0 )=0 с C C=0 OH H C || H CH3 ć с N Nicotine C 1 с с H HY C-C T H H CH3 )—I C H I I H (b) (d) HO H 4-C I HO HO H H₂ H-C C=0 Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) C=C CH₂OH C-O C C-C HO но| | H H OH OH Glucose H OH 11