Banker's algorithm for resource allocation deals with a. deadlock prevention b. deadlock avoidance c. deadlock recovery d. mutual exclusion

1. Two processes, A and B, each need three resources, 1, 2, and 3. Suppose 4 requests them in the order 1, 2, 3. If B also requests them in the same order, deadlock is not possible. However, if B requests them in the order 3, 2, 1, then deadlock is possible. With three resources, there are 3! or six possible orders in which B can request them. For each possible order in which B can request these resources, state whether or not a deadlock is possible for that order. (Assume that once a process acquires a resource, it does not release that resource until the end of that process.) a) 1, 2, 3 b) 1,3,2 c) 2, 1, 3 d) 2, 3, 1 e) 3, 1, 2 f) 3, 2, 1

1. What is included in an activation record assuming STATIC bindings? •2. what is included in an activation record assuming DYNAMIC bindings? 3. Explain the role of the program counter & environment pointer 4. Explain the role of the return address & dynamic link

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Develop a program C++ that accepts the name of a branch trace file as a command line argument.  Use the data to simulate 4 branch prediction algorithms: Fixed-False predictor "Static-First" predictor makes its first prediction false (predicting the branch will not be taken) Bimodal dynamic predictor begins in the state that will predict false but not confidently (assumes the previous prediction was an error) Two-layered dynamic predictor uses a 2-bit history to index its prediction table and sets the Prediction:ErrCount bits to 0:1, 1:1, 0:1, and 1:1 for the histories 00, 01, 10, and 11, respectively and an initial history of two branches not taken.   Your program (say it's a compiled C program) would be run like this: ./branch data.tra Trace File The trace file is line based where each line represents the history of a single branch instruction in memory.  Each line will be a long string of '@' or '.' characters (indicating the branch was taken or not, respectively) without…

3. Which stack protection techniques are vulnerable to return-orlented programming? a. Stack Canaries b. Address space layout randomization c. Limiting Executable Code Regions 4. In malloclab, several students implemented an optimization where small blocks would be allocated at the beglinning of a free block, and large blocks would be allocated at the end of a free block. In what way was this useful on some traces? a. It increases the memory utilization due to less Internal fragmentation. b. It increagos tho momory utlization duo to moro coaloscing opportunities. c. Itincreases the throughput due to smaller free lists. d. It increases the throughput due to better temporal locality in caches. 5. After a forki), to access which datastnuctures, should the resulting two processes synchronize? а. Неар b. Stack c. Registers d. Globals e. Program Code

An operating system uses the Banker's algorithm for deadlock avoidance when managing the allocation of three resource types X, Ý, and Z to three processes PO, P1, and P2. The table given below presents the current system state. There are 3 instances of type X, 2 instances of type Y and 2 instances of type Z still available. The system is currently in a safe state. Answer the following questions! Allocation Max X Y z X Y PO 0 1 8 4 3 (a) If PO requests 2 instances of Z during the P1 3 2 current state, can it be granted? Explain! (b) If P1 requests 2 instances of X during the P2 2 1 1 3 3 3 current state, can it be granted? Explain! CO

Multi-tasking can not be achieved with a single processor machine.  True  False       2. Async/Await is best for network bound operations while multi-threading and parallel programming is best for CPU-bound operations.  True  False     3. The following is a characteristic of an async method:The name of an async method, by convention, ends with an "Async" suffix.  True  False   4. Using asynchronous code for network bound operations can speed up the time needed to contact the server and get the data back.  True  False     5. Asynchronous programming has been there for a long time but has tremendously been improved by the simplified approach of async programming in C# 5 through the introduction of:  The Task class  True  False

In the following resource allocation graph, are the processes deadlocked? If “yes” explain why and state which processes are involved in deadlock. If “not” explain why.