Background to Problems 13-14 Consider a single egg produced by a diploid female in which n = 3. If there was a single crossover between EACH of the three paired homologs during Prophase I of the meiosis that produced this egg (meaning there were 3 crossovers in all), calculate the following:

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Problem: How does crossing over affect the genes passed down to the daughter cells? Experiment: Materials: Modeling clay (or spaghetti noodles, or pipe cleaners, or something similar) 2 twist ties Procedure: 1. Roll out four long strands of clay at least 10 cm long to represent two chromosomes, each with two chromatids. 2. Use the figure to the right as a guide in joining and labeling these model chromatids. Although there are four chromatids, assume that they started out as a single pair of homologous chromosomes prior to replication. The figure shows tetrad formation during prophase I of 2 Chromosomes with chromatids Twist tie Mark genes with a pencil point meiosis. 3. First, assume that no crossing over takes place. Model the appearance of the four gamete cells that will result at the end of meiosis. Record your model's appearance by drawing the gametes' chromosomes and their genes in the data table below. Nonsister chromatids 4. Next, repeat steps 1-3, however, assume that crossing…

PROBLEM SET #1;: The parental genotypes for a series of crosses are wild-type male fruit flies mated to females with white eyes (wh) and miniature (min) wings. The phenotypes of the F1 generation were wild-type females, and males with white eyes, and miniature wings. These flies were allowed to mate with each other and produced the following offspring: Red eyes, long wings White eyes, miniature wings Red eyes, miniature wings White eyes, long wings 770 716 401 318 Total 2205 A. Are these genes linked? Why or why not? Your answer should diagram a cross to support your decision. *

Problem 1: The data in the table below show the results of the F2 generation for 7 of Mendel's crosses: P (FO) Cross F1 Generation Tall x short stem. Purple x white flowers Axial x terminal flowers Yellow x green seeds Round x wrinkled seeds Green x yellow pods Smooth x wrinkled pods Total 100% tall 100% purple 100% axial 100% yellow 100% round F2 Generation 100% green 100% smooth 100% dominant 787 tall, 277 short 705 purple, 224 white 651 axial, 207 terminal 6022 yellow, 2001 green 5474 round, 1850 wrinkled 428 green, 152 yellow 882 smooth, 299 wrinkled 14949 dominant, 5010 recessive Conduct a X² analysis to determine if these data are consistent with Mendel's law of segregation.

21:09 Thu Oct 12 X Ĵ 00 Lecture Notes Progeny Phenotype SUT] sut SuT ... sut SUt sUt SUT Sut *Fine spines (s), smooth fruit (t), and uniform fruit color (u) are recessive traits in A cucumber that is cucumbers whose genes are linked on the same chromosome. heterozygous for all three traits is used in a testcross, and the following progeny are produced: Number of Progeny. 2 70 21 4 82 21 13. 17 230 a. Determine the order of the genes on the chromosome. 5. Linkage Practice Problems ✓ b. Calculate the map distance between the genes. Σ c. Determine the coefficient of coincidence and interference. 47% ů d. List the alleles found on the chromosome of the homozygous parents of the heterozygous plant used in the testcross. B