ATP hydrolysis is directly coupled to the movement of O a. glucose across the animal-cell plasma membrane O b. sucrose into the plant vacuole O c. Cl- and HCO3- across the erythrocyte membrane D d. Ca2+ to the extracellular medium or sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen.
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- Which of the following is true of the FoF1 ATPase under normal cellular conditions? Select all that are true. O a. It moves protons into the intermembrane space O b. It generates ATP O C. It directly consumes NADH O d. It is a passive transporter O e. It is an enzymeWhich of the following statements describes the end step for the electron transport chain? A. H+ ions flow down the gradient to generate ATP B. electrons are transferred to NADH and FADH2 for chemiosmosis C. electrons are transferred to oxygen, causing it to split and take up H+ ions, which form water D. H+ are pumped across the inner membrane of mitochondria to establish an electrochemical gradientWhere will the energy for active transport be derived from? A. Hydrolysis of ATP B. Co-transport of metabolites via carrier molecules, channels or gates C. Amino acid rearrangement due to conformational changes in the protein carriers, channels or gates. D. Both A and B E. All of these
- Cytosolic concentration of calcium in cells is typically Select one: O a. low, used in cell signaling and communication O b. high, used in cell signaling and communication Oc. low, toxic O d. high, used in mitochondrial respiration e. low, used in mitochondrial respiration Dec 8 at 5pm Jump to... 12 because calcium isComplex 2 EXTRACELLULAR SPACE glucose 3 Na plasma membrane K* electrochemica gradient Na electrochemical gradient glucose concentration gradient CYTOSOL ADP ATP Complex 1 Digoxin is a complex 1 inhibitor. Suppose digoxin was added to the cell and the fluids from the extracellular space and cytosol were subjected to Benedict's test. Describe the expected result from the test.Both simple dufusion and facilitated diffusion of small polar uncharged molecule Select one: O A. all of the choices O B. require the hydrolysis of ATP O C. occur down a concentration gradient (downhill) O D. require carrier proteins O E. occur in animal cells but not in plant cells
- Chemiosmosis involves a. the movement of electrons across the cell membrane. b. the movement of hydrogen atoms across a mitochondrial membrane. c. the movement of hydrogen ions across a mitochondrial membrane. d. the movement of glucose through the cell membrane.ATP powers the following cellular work, except o a. Active transport across the membrane O b. Diffusion down the gradient O c. None of the choices o d. Movement of motor proteins e. Anabolic reactionsChemiosmosis is described as an energy coupling mechanism that O a. builds up membrane potential across membrane O b. lowers pH in the intermembrane space. O c. phosphorylates substrate molecules. d. uses the stored energy of the proton gradient to synthesize AIP e. inhibits electron transfer along the electron transport chain.
- Under conditions where cellular ATP levels are high the rate of electron transport in mitochondria slows down. This is referred to as “respiratory control” What is the mechanism behind respiratory control? A. A high pH gradient slows proton pumping, which in turn slows electron transport. B. Glucose binds to the ATP synthase complex slowing the rate of diffusion of protons across the membrane. C. Molecules of UQ within the membrane change shape, which slows their rate of diffusion. D. ATP binds to NADH dehydrogenase complex (Complex 1) slowing the rate of NADH oxidation.Energy-consuming active transport is used to move protons in all of the following directions except: A. from the mitochondrial matrix, across the mitochondrial cristae, into the intermembrane space B. from the extracellular fluid, across the plasma membrane, into the Halobacterium halobium cytosol C. from the cytosol of plant cells, across the vacuolar membrane, into the central vacuole D. from the cytosol of skeletal muscle cells, across the plasma membrane, into the extracellular fluid E. from the chloroplast stroma, across the thylakoid membrane, into the thylakoid spaceGlycolysis is often split up into three phases: 1. Energy Investment 2. Sugar Splitting and 3. Energy Payoff. During the Energy Investment Phase, 2 ATP are "spent" to generate Fructose 1,6 biphosphate and 2 ADP. What has happened to the terminal (third) phosphates in the 'spent" ATPs? A. They are lost in the cytoplasm B. They are transferred to the protein kinases C. They are transferred, one by one, to the glucose molecule by kinases D. They are lost as heat E. All of the above